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Abstract
Combined compression-tension strain sensors with a range of 1 micro to a maximum of 20 milli-strain based on non-uniform multiple-core-offset fibers have been realized. A large strain range with high resolution is ideal for monitoring deformation of steel structures where a large compressive and tensile strain co-exists. Thanks to core-offset splicing of non-uniform fiber segments, unique asymmetric waveguides reduce the degeneracy of each section, realizing a reflection spectrum with a large range and irregular shape. Furthermore, enhanced multi-mode interference induced from high-order modes in silica cladding and air results in the large strain range with high resolution in both compression and tension regions. The sensitivity of 7.93 pm/µ$\unicode{x03B5}$ with a strain step of 1.7 µ$\unicode{x03B5}$ is achieved for micro-strain measurement. For milli-strain measurement, a strain coefficient of 1.298 nm/m$\unicode{x03B5}$ over a tensile strain of 13.2 m$\unicode{x03B5}$ is realized; in the compressive strain case, a coefficient of ${-}{1.251}\;{\rm nm/m}\unicode{x03B5}$ over compression of 20.1 m$\unicode{x03B5}$ is observed.
© 2020 Optical Society of America
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