Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic disease, which requires continuous monitoring of blood glucose levels in patients during treatment. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a glucose sensor with a low limit of detection (LOD) and a wide measured range. The sensor is made by a plasmonic tilted fiber grating with a graphene oxide (GO) layer coated over the metallic surface, together with pyrene-1-boric acid immobilized on the GO layer serving as bio-detectors for specific detection of glucose. Experimental results show that the LOD of our sensor can reach fM-level (1 fM), which improves the LOD at least 3 orders of magnitude in comparison with other reported glucose sensors. Furthermore, our sensor can provide a linear range of 1 fM – 10 pM within the measured range from 1 fM to 1 nM. Finally, we verify the feasibility of our sensor to measure practical serums with different concentrations of blood glucose, and the results demonstrate that it can provide performances comparable to a commercial blood glucose meter. Our sensor is compact in size, is easy to manufacture, is label-free and has good performances, showing good potentials for detecting glucose in sweat and tear in future.

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