Abstract
High-temperature dynamics, including small and large signal modulation response, of 1.28-
<i>µ</i>m GaAs-based vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers
(VCSELs) with highly strained InGaAs quantum wells have been investigated. The VCSELs are oxide-confined with a
relatively large oxide aperture for high output power and have a surface relief for fundamental mode operation. An
inverted surface relief is used to improve manufacturability and to suppress oxide modes that otherwise appear in
VCSELs with a large detuning between the cavity resonance and the gain peak. The size dependence of the modulation
bandwidth and bandwidth limitations are investigated. A VCSEL with an optimum combination of oxide aperture and
surface relief diameters produces clear open eyes with an extinction ratio of
> 6 dB at OC-48 and 10-GbE bit rates from 25 °C
to 85 °C under constant
drive conditions. The same VCSEL is also shown to be capable of error-free transmission
(BER < 10<sup>-9</sup>) over 9 km of standard single-mode
fiber under the same conditions.
© 2007 IEEE
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