Abstract

The origin of the dead or active emission from Er in various Er-doped films has been unclear. Here we took Er-doped GeGaSe as examples and investigated the correlation between the intensity of the photoluminescence (PL) spectra, the content of the activated Er ions, and the intensity of the absorption spectra in the waveguides. We found the linear correlation between the content of Er ions, photoluminescence, and absorption intensity. This provides clear evidence that thermal annealing can promote the conversion of Er metals into Er ions, and such a conversion is essential for practical applications, in which the number of the activated Er ions rather than the nominal Er contents in the materials plays an important role in achieving emission and thus effective optical amplification and lasing.

© 2023 Optica Publishing Group

Broadband near-infrared amplified spontaneous emission of Er³⁺-doped germanate glass fiber

Guowu Tang, Xiangyang Song, Wenhua Huang, Minbo Wu, Fangteng Zhang, Weiren Zhao, Qi Qian, and Zhongmin Yang
Opt. Lett. 48(20) 5423-5426 (2023)

Carbon dioxide mid-infrared sensing based on Dy³⁺-doped chalcogenide waveguide photoluminescence

Loïc Bodiou, Marion Baillieul, Virginie Nazabal, Jonathan Lemaitre, Albane Benardais, Sofiane Meziani, Nathalie Lorrain, Yannick Dumeige, Petr Nemec, and Joël Charrier
Opt. Lett. 48(5) 1128-1131 (2023)

On-chip coherent beam combination of waveguide amplifiers on Er³⁺-doped thin film lithium niobate

Rui Bao, Lvbin Song, Jinming Chen, Zhe Wang, Jian Liu, Lang Gao, Zhaoxiang Liu, Zhihao Zhang, Min Wang, Haisu Zhang, Zhiwei Fang, and Ya Cheng
Opt. Lett. 48(24) 6348-6351 (2023)

Toward a 10 dB net-gain waveguide amplifier in an Er³⁺–Yb³⁺ co-doped phosphate glass

Xiangyu Sun, Zhi Chen, Liaolin Zhang, Daoyuan Chen, Yuying Wang, Beibei Xu, Zhijun Ma, Giuseppe Barillaro, Lijing Zhong, and Jianrong Qiu
Opt. Lett. 49(1) 33-36 (2024)

Excitation diffusion in GeGaSe and GeGaS glasses heavily doped with Er³⁺

Cyril Koughia and Safa O. Kasap
Opt. Express 16(11) 7709-7714 (2008)