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On-chip coherent beam combination of waveguide amplifiers on Er3+-doped thin film lithium niobate

Rui Bao, Lvbin Song, Jinming Chen, Zhe Wang, Jian Liu, Lang Gao, Zhaoxiang Liu, Zhihao Zhang, Min Wang, Haisu Zhang, Zhiwei Fang, and Ya Cheng

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

We demonstrate on-chip coherent beam combination of two waveguide amplifiers on Er3+-doped thin film lithium niobate (Er:TFLN) platform. Our device is built based on an electro-optic modulator fabricated on Er:TFLN. The output power of the coherently combined amplifiers is measured as high as 12.9 mW, surpassing that of previous single waveguide amplifiers based on an Er3+-doped thin film lithium niobate platform.

© 2023 Optica Publishing Group

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Data Availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Figures (5)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. (a) Schematic of the on-chip CBC of Er3+-doped waveguide amplifiers pumped by a 1480-nm laser diode. Simulated light propagation in the cascaded MMI structure at the wavelength of (b) 1530 nm and (c)1480 nm. Infrared CCD captured mode profile image at the wavelength of (d) 1530 nm and (e) 1480 nm of the output of the cascaded MMI. (f) Optical image of on-chip CBC waveguide amplifiers. (g) Optical micrographs of the GSG microelectrodes for phase tuning and (h) input waveguides of MMI indicated by the color boxes in (f).

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. (a) Schematic of the setup for characterizing the on-chip CBC of waveguide amplifiers, Inset shows a schematic of the device cross section of an electro-optic modulator. (CTL, continuously tunable laser; FPC, fiber polarization controller; LD, laser diode; AFG, arbitrary function generator; RF,: radio frequency; OSA, optical spectrum analyzer; GSG, ground-signal-ground). (b) Optical image of an intensely pumped on-chip CBC of waveguide amplifiers chip butt-coupled with four lensed fibers and controlled by a RF probe. (c) Cross-sectional view of the simulated optical TE mode profile and RF electrical field (shown by arrows).

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. (a) Output spectra from port-4 of the on-chip CBC waveguide amplifiers with and without a pump laser (red and blue curves). (b) Electrical modulation of the output signal power by the triangular voltage wave exerted on the 3-mm-long microelectrodes. (c) The measured extinction ratio (ER) is 15 dB without the pump laser. (d) The measured ER of signal light after applying the pump laser is 13 dB.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. (a) Measured signal enhancement at the signal wavelengths of 1530 nm and 1550 nm on CBC waveguide amplifiers upon pumping at 1480 nm. (b) Measured output signal powers at 1530 nm. The inset shows the calibrated signal spectrum at the maximum output power.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. (a)–(b) Calculated gain values for signal wavelengths of (a) 1530 nm and (b) 1550 nm. (c) Gain responses for fixed signal powers and increasing pump powers. (d) Gain responses for fixed pump powers and increasing signal powers.

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