Abstract

By using a fiber loop with a phase modulator, we simulate the refraction and reflection effects of optical pulses at the heterointerface in the time domain, which is formed by abruptly varying the modulation depth or frequency. When the variation is periodically imposed on the optical pulse, the heterointerface is vertical and may lead to total internal reflection. The temporal refraction can be controlled by setting different Bloch wave vectors at incidence. As the variation occurs at a specific moment during the pulse propagation, a horizontal interface appears, and the negative refraction and pulse splitting in the time domain could be observed. We also show that the combination between the straight and tilted lattice could provide another way to control the temporal refraction. The study may find great applications in signals processing and optical communication.

© 2019 Optical Society of America

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