Abstract

In this study, single-phased rutile ${{\rm Ti}_{1 \text{-} x}}{{\rm In}_x}{{\rm O}_2}$ ($x = {0}\sim{0.1}$) thin films were deposited on fused quartz substrates using a pulsed laser deposition technique. The transmission spectra reveal that the films show good transparency in the wavelength range of 330–900 nm. The absorption edge of the ${{\rm Ti}_{1 \text{-} x}}{{\rm In}_x}{{\rm O}_2}$ thin films is blueshifted compared with that of undoped ${{\rm TiO}_2}$ films. A single-beam ${z}$-scan method using a pulse laser operating at 532 nm with a duration of 55 ps was employed to evaluate the films’ nonlinear optical characteristics. The results show that the prepared ${{\rm Ti}_{1 \text{-} x}}{{\rm In}_x}{{\rm O}_2}$ films exhibit nonlinear saturable absorption and negative nonlinear refraction properties. The doping of In ions into ${{\rm TiO}_2}$ does not change the nonlinear optical absorption significantly. However, the nonlinear refractive index of ${{\rm Ti}_{1 \text{-} x}}{{\rm In}_x}{{\rm O}_2}$ film obviously increases with the increasing doping of In ions. The local electron-pinned defect-dipoles and widening bandgaps in the ${{\rm Ti}_{1 \text{-} x}}{{\rm In}_x}{{\rm O}_2}$ thin films could be used to explain the observed results.

© 2022 Optica Publishing Group

Giant dispersive and absorptive optical nonlinearities in TiO₂ thin films

Romita Chouhan, Mukul Gupta, P. K. Sen, and Pratima Sen
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 37(2) 279-286 (2020)

Optical properties of anatase and rutile TiO₂ films deposited by using a pulsed laser

Liqi Cui and Weitian Wang
Appl. Opt. 60(27) 8453-8457 (2021)

Modulation of the band gap and enhancement of the third-order optical nonlinearity in vanadium-doped SrSnO₃ films

Ziheng Huang, Depeng Wang, Ruifeng Niu, and Weitian Wang
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 41(4) 931-935 (2024)

Ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of orthorhombic YbFeO₃ thin film

Anshu Gaur, Mahamad Ahamad Mohiddon, and Venugopal Rao Soma
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 38(11) 3482-3490 (2021)

Experimental investigation of linear and third-order nonlinear optical properties of pure CuO thin film using femtosecond laser pulses

Mohamed Ashour, M. Sh. Abdel-Wahab, Abdullah Shehata, Wael Z. Tawfik, M. A. Azooz, Souad A. Elfeky, and Tarek Mohamed
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 39(2) 508-518 (2022)