Characterization of Giles parameters for extended L-band erbium-doped fibers

Hanlin Feng; Saber Jalilpiran; Frédéric Maes; Lixian Wang; Sophie LaRochelle

doi:10.1364/JOSAB.459508

Journal of the Optical Society of America B
Vol. 39,
Issue 7,
pp. 1783-1791
(2022)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.459508

Characterization of Giles parameters for extended L-band erbium-doped fibers

Hanlin Feng, Saber Jalilpiran, Frédéric Maes, Lixian Wang, and Sophie LaRochelle

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Hanlin Feng, Saber Jalilpiran, Frédéric Maes, Lixian Wang, and Sophie LaRochelle, "Characterization of Giles parameters for extended L-band erbium-doped fibers," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 39, 1783-1791 (2022)

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Abstract

In this study, we present theoretical and experimental uncertainty analysis of erbium-doped fiber (EDF) characterization to improve performance prediction of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) in the extended L-band. Through this uncertainty analysis, the optimal EDF lengths for absorption coefficient and emission coefficient characterization are determined to improve precision with a limited number of experimental steps. The uncertainty in the measured clustering ratio is also evaluated based on the uncertainty analysis of absorption and emission coefficients. To verify the accuracy of the Giles parameters determined from the EDF characterization, we compare simulation results, with calculated upper and lower uncertainties for the gain and noise figure (NF), to experimental measurements. The results show that the measured spectral gain and NF match well with the calculated value.

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Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Equations (31)

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$N_{t}$	Total $E r^{3 +}$ Concentration
$k$	clustering ratio
$m$	number of ions per cluster
$N_{c} = m k N_{t}$	$E r^{3 +}$ concentration of clustered ions
$N_{s} = (1 - m k) N_{t}$	$E r^{3 +}$ concentration of single ions

Wavelength Range	1500 nm–1630 nm
Dynamic range (DR)	50 dB
Power margin ( $m$ )	15 dB
Power uncertainty ( $ε_{P}$ )	0.5 dB
Wavelength uncertainty ( $ε_{λ}$ )	5 pm
Relative loss uncertainty ( $r_{α}$ )	5%
Relative uncertainty of EDF length ( $r_{L}$ )	1%

Wavelength Range	Cutback Length
1590 nm–1630 nm	30 m
1570 nm–1590 nm	10 m
1556 nm–1570 nm	3 m
1538 nm–1556 nm	1.2 m
1530 nm–1538 nm	0.5 m
1474 nm–1530 nm	1.8 m
1460 nm–1474 nm	4.4 m

Wavelength Range	1500 nm–1630 nm
Power uncertainty ( $ε_{p}$ )	0.5 dB
Dynamic range (DR)	50 dB
Power margin ( $m$ )	15 dB
Relative uncertainty on $g^{}$ ( $r_{g }$ )	20%
Relative uncertainty on α ( $r_{α}$ )	5%
Relative uncertainty on the average fractional population ( $r_{{\bar{n}}_{2}}$ )	5%
Relative uncertainty on length ( $r_{L}$ )	1%

Wavelength	Estimated $k$	Estimated $k$ with $α + 5 %$ and $g^{*} + 20 %$	Estimated $k$ with $α - 5 %$ and $g^{*} - 20 %$
1540 nm	3.7%	4.1%	3.3%
1545 nm	3.9%	4.3%	3.4%
1550 nm	3.3%	3.5%	4.3%
$k$ value range: 3.3%–4.3%

EDF Length (m)	10
Relative uncertainty of $α$	$\pm 5 %$
Relative uncertainty of $g^{*}$	$\pm 20 %$
Total signal power (mW)	1
Signal wavelength (nm)	1575, 1580, 1590, 1600, 1610, 1618, 1626.2
Clustering ratio $k$	4%
Pump wavelength (nm)	976
Pump power (mW)	650

Abstract

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Equations (31)

Journal of the Optical Society of America B