G. W. Morey and H. E. Merwin, "The Relation between the Composition and the Density and Optical Properties of Glass. I. The Soda-Lime-Silica Glasses," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 22, 632-662 (1932)
Nur Farhana Samsudin, Khamirul Amin Matori, Zaidan Abdul Wahab, Yap Wing Fen, Josephine Ying Chi Liew, Way Foong Lim, Mohd Hafiz Mohd Zaid, and Nur Alia Sheh Omar Appl. Opt. 55(9) 2182-2187 (2016)
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The glass, powdered to pass 66-mesh bolting cloth, then was transferred to a clean platinum crucible, and fined, during which fining the glass lost 0.7 mg. The final composition is that calculated for No. 97, Table 3.
Table 2a
Density changes near the softening temperature. Differences (heat treated—original) ×103.
d, devitrified or decidedly opalescent; n, no evidence of surface flowage; r, corners rounded or surface showing polish due to slight flowage;* slight opalescence; < samples which before this heating had a maximal density (as indicated by the figures), are less dense after heating.
Density increased 0.006 in 3 hours.
Also was devitrified after 7 days at 383°.
Rounding visible after 5 minutes.
Density was 0.009 higher after 21 hours at 600°, but a similar heating did not change the density of a piece which had previously acquired a high density.
Table 2b
Density changes in the annealing ranges. Differences (heat treated—original) ×103.
Density at 650° remained unchanged.
Increased 10 in 47 days at 230°.
Refers to No. 131c having similar composition.
Changed 13 in 3 days.
A piece which had gained 10 at 460° did not change, but an unannealed piece gained 6.
Temperature 450°–500°.
16 hours at 375°.
15 hours at 460°.
See Table 2c.
Table 2c
Density changes in the annealing ranges. Differences (heat treated—original) ×103.
Gain in 15 hrs. at 460°.
A 0.3-gram charge in a tight platinum container quenched from 1450° in mercury, d=2.320. A similar charge cooled in air, d=2.333. A 5-gram charge cooled on a metal plate, d=2.320–2.335 for small fragments. Both of the last looked clear, but when suspended in a heavy liquid and illuminated from the side milkiness appeared. The crystals were not visible with the microscope.
Barium silicate optical glasses. Small amounts of other oxides do not affect the shapes of the dispersion curves in the fourth decimal place.
A flint glass containing about 16 percent Na2O. The 13 percent PbO changes dispersion about like 32 percent Na2O.
Tables (5)
Table 1
Log of a typical glass melting
Weight
Difference
Platinum crucible
15.1035
Plus CaCO3
20.1959
5.0924
Plus SiO2
26.3016
6.1057
Plus Na2CO3
28.4109
2.1093
After 1st fining
25.0942
After passing 66 mesh
25.0231
loss=0.0711
After 2nd fining
25.0218
After passing 66 mesh
24.9677
loss=0.0541
After 3rd fining
24.9665
The glass, powdered to pass 66-mesh bolting cloth, then was transferred to a clean platinum crucible, and fined, during which fining the glass lost 0.7 mg. The final composition is that calculated for No. 97, Table 3.
Table 2a
Density changes near the softening temperature. Differences (heat treated—original) ×103.
d, devitrified or decidedly opalescent; n, no evidence of surface flowage; r, corners rounded or surface showing polish due to slight flowage;* slight opalescence; < samples which before this heating had a maximal density (as indicated by the figures), are less dense after heating.
Density increased 0.006 in 3 hours.
Also was devitrified after 7 days at 383°.
Rounding visible after 5 minutes.
Density was 0.009 higher after 21 hours at 600°, but a similar heating did not change the density of a piece which had previously acquired a high density.
Table 2b
Density changes in the annealing ranges. Differences (heat treated—original) ×103.
Density at 650° remained unchanged.
Increased 10 in 47 days at 230°.
Refers to No. 131c having similar composition.
Changed 13 in 3 days.
A piece which had gained 10 at 460° did not change, but an unannealed piece gained 6.
Temperature 450°–500°.
16 hours at 375°.
15 hours at 460°.
See Table 2c.
Table 2c
Density changes in the annealing ranges. Differences (heat treated—original) ×103.
Gain in 15 hrs. at 460°.
A 0.3-gram charge in a tight platinum container quenched from 1450° in mercury, d=2.320. A similar charge cooled in air, d=2.333. A 5-gram charge cooled on a metal plate, d=2.320–2.335 for small fragments. Both of the last looked clear, but when suspended in a heavy liquid and illuminated from the side milkiness appeared. The crystals were not visible with the microscope.
Barium silicate optical glasses. Small amounts of other oxides do not affect the shapes of the dispersion curves in the fourth decimal place.
A flint glass containing about 16 percent Na2O. The 13 percent PbO changes dispersion about like 32 percent Na2O.
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