Abstract
A converter that manipulates the energy exchange between two arbitrary guided modes having different mode orders and polarization states is proposed. This objective is achieved through engraving a periodic grating on a strip waveguide. Theoretical analysis, based on the coupled-mode theory, is developed to match the proposed structure. In addition, coupling analysis is addressed to provide a comprehensive view regarding the various couplings that can be achieved, including acceptable margins for perturbation designing parameters and their optimum values for each coupling. Moreover, our converter is implemented via both 3D-FDTD simulation and computational solution to examine the validity of the proposed approach and verify the coupling analysis through performing two conversions, namely TM
$_{\boldsymbol{1}}$
-to-TE
$_{\boldsymbol{0}}$
and TM
$_{\boldsymbol{1}}$
-to-TE
$_{\boldsymbol{3}}$
. The first conversion is obtained with an insertion loss of
$\boldsymbol{-1}\,$
dB and a crosstalk lower than
$\boldsymbol{-17.5}\,$
dB at a conversion length of
$\boldsymbol{9.15\,\mu }$
m. The second is executed with an insertion loss of
$\boldsymbol{-1.5}\,$
dB and a crosstalk lower than
$\boldsymbol{-15}\,$
dB at a conversion length of
$\boldsymbol{16.937\,\mu }$
m. Furthermore, tolerance fabrication analysis is implemented to confirm the degree of stability that the proposed structure can achieve. Finally, the findings reveal that the proposed design achieved its function at a compact length and without being restricted by the hybridization approach.
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