Abstract

Surface plasmon resonance-based fiber optic sensor with multilayer heterojunction is simulated and analyzed. The constituent materials are ZBLAN fluoride core, NaF clad, amorphous Si layer, Ag layer, Al₂O₃ interlayer, and graphene monolayer. The main idea behind the study is to optimize the radiative damping (i.e., optimum radiative damping, ORD) at the Ag–Al₂O₃–graphene heterojunction in order to enhance the sensor's figure of merit (FOM) as much as possible. The effect of graphene monolayer's presence on sensor's FOM is also examined. Multiple occurrences of ORD may be achieved by coordinated variation of Ag and Al₂O₃ layer thicknesses along with light wavelength. Among the several prominent ORD conditions, the combination of 45.3-nm-thick Ag layer, 11-nm-thick Al₂O₃ layer, and 938.7-nm wavelength leads to a massively large FOM of 31806.65 RIU^–1. The above FOM of the FOSPR sensor is nearly six times that for the corresponding prism-based SPR sensor (i.e., 5500 RIU^–1) reported earlier with Al₂O₃ interlayer and MoS₂ monolayer at λ = 1200 nm. Further, the proposed sensor provides substantially greater FOM compared to existing prism-based and FOSPR sensors.

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