Abstract
Relative intensity noise (RIN) is one of the most significant artifacts
that ultimately limits the use of broadband Raman amplifier applications in
optical communications systems. Recently, as a way to alleviate some of the
detrimental features of continuously pumped Raman amplifiers, pulsed pumping
was introduced. In this paper, we study the RIN transfer in pulse-pumped fiber
Raman amplifiers. An analytical expression describing RIN transfer from a
pump with an arbitrary pulse shape has been derived for co- and counter-pumping
configurations. The dependence of RIN transfer on pump modulation frequency,
depth of modulation, and duty cycle in a typical 80-km fiber span has been
analyzed for pumps with sinusoidal and rectangular profiles. We show that
in the case of rectangular pulsing of pump, RIN transfer in counter-pumping
regime is substantially enhanced compared with that of continuous wave (CW)
pumping due to the presence of resonant peaks at the pump intensity harmonics.
In the co-propagation regime, RIN transfer for pulsed pumping does not exhibit
resonant peaks and is generally lower than that for CW pumping. These features
are reflected on the Q-penalty and may have detrimental effects on the system
performance.
© 2009 IEEE
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