Dual-key-based adaptive watermark embedding for light field 3D images

• Qiming Wu, JunFeng Guo, Yu Kou, Shouxin Liu, Changjian Shang, and xiaowei Li
• received 02/08/2024; accepted 04/21/2024; posted 04/22/2024; Doc. ID 521288
• Abstract: The existing methods fail to effectively utilize the viewpoint information of light field 3D images based on integral imaging for watermark embedding which results in a serious decrease in both invisibility and robustness of the watermarking network. In this regard, we propose a novel approach called the light field 3D dual-key-based watermarking network. Our method employs a pixel mapping algorithm to obtain the disparity sub-image of the light field 3D image and generates an encoding key. Adaptive watermark embedding is then performed on the disparity sub-image and a steganographic key is generated. Finally, the light field 3D image with the embedded watermark is reconstructed. During decoding, the watermark information is obtained by combining the two keys. Compared with previous approaches, our method reasonably utilizes the viewpoint information of light field 3D images, resulting in significantly improved invisibility and robustness of the watermark, while also reducing the algorithm's device requirements.