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Monolayer directional metasurface for all-optical image classifier doublet

Rui Xia, Lin Wu, Jin Tao, Ming Zhao, and ZhenYu Yang

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Abstract

Diffractive deep neural networks, known for their passivity, high scalability, and high efficiency, offer great potential in holographic imaging, target recognition, and object classification. However, previous endeavors have been hampered by spatial size and alignment. To address these issues, this study introduces a monolayer directional metasurface, aimed at reducing spatial constraints and mitigating alignment issues. Utilizing this methodology, we use MNIST datasets to train diffractive deep neural networks and realize digital classification, revealing that the metasurface can achieve excellent digital image classification results, and the classification accuracy of ideal phase mask plates and metasurface for phase-only modulation can reach 84.73% and 84.85%, respectively. Despite a certain loss of degrees of freedom compared to multi-layer phase mask plates, the single-layer metasurface is easier to fabricate and align, thereby improving spatial utilization efficiency.

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Supplementary Material (1)

NameDescription
Supplement 1       The supplemental document derives th network propagation, defines network parameters, analyzes the effects of various factors on the network, and supplements other information.

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Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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