Abstract

Optical waveguides prepared by femtosecond laser direct writing have birefringent properties, which can affect polarization encoding and entanglement on chips. Here, we first propose a shape–stress dual compensation fabrication scheme to decrease birefringence. Ultralow birefringent waveguides (1 × 10⁻⁹) were obtained by controlling the cross sectional shape of the main waveguide and adjusting the position of the auxiliary lines. In addition, we prepared polarization-independent directional coupler and demonstrated the evolution of polarization-independent waveguide array with different polarized light. In the future, ultralow birefringent waveguides will be widely applied in polarization encoding and entangled quantum photonic integrated circuits.

© 2023 Optica Publishing Group

Form birefringence induced in multicomponent glass by femtosecond laser direct writing

Jing Cao, Léo Mazerolles, Matthieu Lancry, Denis Solas, François Brisset, and Bertrand Poumellec
Opt. Lett. 41(12) 2739-2742 (2016)

On-chip rotated polarization directional coupler fabricated by femtosecond laser direct writing

Ci-Yu Wang, Jun Gao, and Xian-Min Jin
Opt. Lett. 44(1) 102-105 (2019)

Femtosecond laser direct writing multilayer chiral waveplates with minimal linear birefringence

Jiafeng Lu, Enrique Garcia-Caurel, Razvigor Ossikovski, Francois Courvoisier, Xianglong Zeng, Bertrand Poumellec, and Matthieu Lancry
Opt. Lett. 48(2) 271-274 (2023)

Arbitrarily rotated optical axis waveguide induced by a trimming line

Ying-De Wang, Zhi-yuan Zhang, Yang Chen, Yi-ke Sun, Yi-chun Li, Zhen-Nan Tian, Xi-Feng Ren, Qi-Dai Chen, and Guang-Can Guo
Opt. Lett. 48(11) 3063-3066 (2023)

Fabricating low loss waveguides over a large depth in glass by temperature gradient assisted femtosecond laser writing

Dezhi Tan, Xiaoyu Sun, Qian Wang, Peng Zhou, Yongping Liao, and Jianrong Qiu
Opt. Lett. 45(14) 3941-3944 (2020)