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Observation of RIN reduction via spectral broadening in an NPR-based stretched pulse fiber laser

Zishuo Xu, Qianqian Huang, Haochen Tian, Zinan Huang, Lilong Dai, Kaiquan Yan, Youjian Song, and Chengbo Mou

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

We show that an optimum mode-locking state with low relative intensity noise (RIN) can be identified by continuous broadening of an optical spectrum in a stretched-pulse fiber laser based on nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR). Under the premise of keeping the overall spectral shape unchanged, either gradually increasing the pump power or unidirectionally adjusting the polarization controller (PC) can effectively reduce RIN as the optical spectral bandwidth broadens. The optimized intensity noise performance of the laser can be attributed to the increased pulse energy and reduced intra-cavity net dispersion. Moreover, the integrated RIN will further decrease as the maximum 3-dB bandwidth extends. In our experiment, the detected minimum integrated rms RIN is below 0.003% (from 100 Hz to 100 kHz). Our experimental results find that the absolute spectral width is not a necessary key condition for obtaining low RIN mode-locked laser, whereas it may help understand and design versatile low-noise ultrafast laser sources.

© 2023 Optica Publishing Group

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Supplementary Material (1)

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Supplement 1       additional experimental results

Data availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Figures (4)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. (a) Schematic configuration of the NPR-based stretched pulse mode-locked fiber laser and RIN characterization. (b) and (c) Representative autocorrelation trace and pulse train (inset) with a spectral bandwidth of 52.6 nm and 61.5 nm with a continuous increase of the pump power from 250 mW to 350 mW.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Noise characteristics of 980 nm pump diode for a different pump power. (a) Relative intensity noise (RIN) spectrum. (b) Integrated RIN (rms) from 100 Hz to 100 kHz.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Pulse performances and noise characteristics with a continuous increase of the pump power from 250 mW to 350 mW. (a) Evolution of an optical spectrum. (b) Center wavelength and pulse energy variation versus spectral bandwidth. (c) Measured relative intensity noise (RIN) spectrum for a different spectral bandwidth.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Pulse performances and noise characteristics with unidirectional regulation of one of the polarization controllers (PCs) under a pump power of 450 mW. (a) Alteration of an optical spectrum. (b) Center wavelength and pulse energy variation versus spectral bandwidth. (c) Measured relative intensity noise (RIN) spectrum for a different spectral bandwidth.

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Tables (1)

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Table 1. Relation between the Maximum 3-dB Bandwidth and the Integrated RIN (from 100 Hz to 100 kHz)

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