Increasing the power and spectral efficiencies of an OFDM-based VLC system through multi-objective optimization

Wesley Costa; Higor Camporez; Maria Pontes; Marcelo Segatto; Helder Rocha; Jair Silva; Jair Silva; Malte Hinrichs; Anagnostis Paraskevopoulos; Volker Jungnickel; Ronald Freund

doi:10.1364/JOSAA.482525

Journal of the Optical Society of America A
Vol. 40,
Issue 6,
pp. 1268-1275
(2023)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.482525

Increasing the power and spectral efficiencies of an OFDM-based VLC system through multi-objective optimization

Wesley Costa, Higor Camporez, Maria Pontes, Marcelo Segatto, Helder Rocha, Jair Silva, Malte Hinrichs, Anagnostis Paraskevopoulos, Volker Jungnickel, and Ronald Freund

Not Accessible

Your library or personal account may give you access

Get PDF
Email
Share
Get Citation
Copy Citation Text
Wesley Costa, Higor Camporez, Maria Pontes, Marcelo Segatto, Helder Rocha, Jair Silva, Malte Hinrichs, Anagnostis Paraskevopoulos, Volker Jungnickel, and Ronald Freund, "Increasing the power and spectral efficiencies of an OFDM-based VLC system through multi-objective optimization," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 40, 1268-1275 (2023)

Export Citation
- BibTex
- Endnote (RIS)
- HTML
- Plain Text
Citation alert
Save article

Check for updates

Abstract

The nonlinearity induced by light-emitting diodes in visible light communication (VLC) systems presents a challenge to the parametrization of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). The goal of the multi-objective optimization problem presented in this study is to maximize the transmitted power (superimposed LED bias-current and signal amplification) for both conventional and constant envelope (CE) OFDM while also maximizing spectral efficiency. The bit error rate (BER) metric is used to evaluate the optimization using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II. Simulation results show that for a BER of $1 \times {10^{- 3}}$, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) required decreases with the guard band due to intermodulation distortions. In contrast to SNR values of approximately 13 and 25 dB achieved by traditional OFDM-based systems, the VLC system with CE signals achieves a guard band of 6% of the signal bandwidth with required SNR values of approximately 10.8 and 24 dB for 4-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and 16-QAM modulation orders, respectively.

Full Article | PDF Article

More Like This

Constant envelope OFDM transmission over metro-regional optical links

Caio M. Santos, Pablo R. N. Marciano, Maria J. Pontes, Marcello E. V. Segatto, and Jair A. Lima Silva
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 40(5) 1331-1339 (2023)

Performance evaluation of a simplified power-domain NOMA for visible light communications

Jair A. Lima Silva, João P. Lebarck Pizzaia, Wesley da Silva Costa, Higor A. Fim Camporez, Maria J. Pontes, Helder R. de Oliveira Rocha, and Marcelo E. Vieira Segatto
J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 40(4) C46-C52 (2023)

Resource-efficient channel estimation for DCO-OFDM based VLC systems

Zichen Yu, Nuo Huang, Xu Li, Wei Wang, and Chen Gong
Opt. Express 31(17) 27345-27364 (2023)

Previous Article Next Article

Data availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

Cited By

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Cited by links are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Figures (9)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Figure files are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Tables (7)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Article tables are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Equations (11)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Equations are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

	Parameter	Value
Room	Room size	$3 m \times 3 m \times 3 m$
	Link length	2 m
Emitter	Emitter height	1 m
	Orientation vector	[1,0,0]
	Semi-angle at half power	30°
	Tx frontend bandwidth	25 MHz
Receiver	Receiver height	1 m
	Orientation vector	[ $-$ 1, 0, 0]
	Photosensitive area	$7 {m m}^{2}$
	Field of view	45°
	Responsivity	0.63 A/W
	Rx frontend bandwidth	25 MHz
	Gain of optical filter	1

Parameter	Variable	OFDM
Effective bandwidth	$B_{W}$	10 MHz
(I)FFT size	$N_{F F T}$	512
Subcarrier spacing	$Δ_{f}$	19.531 kHz
Zeroed subcarriers	$N_{z}$	40
Subcarrier mapping	$M$	4-QAM and 16-QAM
Maximum bit rates	$R_{b - max}$	4.180 and 8.360 Mbps

NSGA-II Parameter	Description
Population size	20
Mutation rate	0.02
Crossover rate	0.95
Selection method	Tournament
Number of iterations	50

4-QAM
OMI	$I_{b i a s}$ (A)	$G_{I}$	$N_{s a m p}$	$G_{B} / B_{W}$	SNR (dB)	EVM (dB)
0.924	0.9994	$1 / 8$	5	0.0101	13.8	–9.89
0.931	1.0011	$1 / 4$	6	0.0177	11.8	–9.4
0.945	0.9996	$1 / 8$	6	0.0481	11.5	–9.33
1	1.0016	$1 / 8$	7	0.226	10.9	–9.32
16-QAM
OMI	$I_{b i a s}$ (A)	$G_{I}$	$N_{s a m p}$	$G_{B} / B_{W}$	SNR (dB)	EVM (dB)
0.995	1.0012	$1 / 8$	6	0.0228	18.2	–15
0.995	1.0013	$1 / 8$	7	0.305	17.3	–14.9
0.989	1.0009	$1 / 16$	9	0.683	16.9	–15.2
0.998	1.0022	$1 / 16$	9	0.769	16.9	–15.1

4-QAM
OMI	$I_{b i a s}$ (A)	$G_{I}$	$N_{s a m p}$	$G_{B} / B_{W}$	${S N R}_{r e q}$ (dB)
0.960	0.659	10	10	0.01	13.965
1	0.366	10	10	0.01	13.965
0.986	0.702	8	10	0.254	12.402
0.999	0.472	8	10	0.062	13.184
16-QAM
OMI	$I_{b i a s}$ (A)	$G_{I}$	$N_{s a m p}$	$G_{B} / B_{W}$	${S N R}_{r e q}$ (dB)
0.870	0.124	9	10	0.801	21.777
0.905	0.980	7	10	0.010	26.074
0.971	0.767	6	10	0.482	23.535
0.894	0.984	8	10	0.138	24.121
1	0.447	6	10	0.796	22.754
0.911	0.640	6	10	0.552	23.34
0.877	0.957	5	10	0.051	25.488
0.966	1.093	8	10	0.062	24.902
0.904	1.058	7	10	0.111	24.512

Min. SNR at $B E R = 1 \times 10^{- 3}$
Min. $\frac{G_{B}}{B_{W}}$
subject to
$0.1 \leq O M I \leq 1$
$400 \leq I_{b i a s} \leq 2000 m A$
$0.01 \times B_{W} \leq G_{B} \leq B_{W}$
$(2^{X_{max}})^{- 1} \leq G_{I} = (2^{X})^{- 1} \leq (2^{X_{m i n}})^{- 1}$
$4 \leq N_{s a m p} \leq 10$
$X_{max} = 10$ and $X_{m i n} = 2$

4-QAM
OMI	$I_{b i a s}$ (A)	$G_{I}$	$N_{s a m p}$	$G_{B} / B_{W}$	${S N R}_{r e q}$ (dB)	$2 π h$
0.973	0.171	5	10	0.726	10.449	12
0.924	0.650	7	10	0.253	10.645	11.75
1	0.882	6	10	0.057	10.84	12
1	0.939	9	10	0.010	11.426	11.75
0.703	0.634	6	9	0.010	13.965	10.25
16-QAM
OMI	$I_{b i a s}$ (A)	$G_{I}$	$N_{s a m p}$	$G_{B} / B_{W}$	${S N R}_{r e q}$ (dB)	$2 π h$
0.937	0.01	10	10	1	18	6
0.937	0.206	8	10	0.906	18	6
1	1.049	7	10	0.357	18	6.25
0.764	1.093	10	10	0.304	19	6.25
0.845	1.067	7	9	0.281	20	6
0.852	1.081	10	10	0.251	20	6.25
0.678	1.084	5	9	0.178	21	6
0.691	0.972	10	10	0.159	21	6.25
0.905	1.01	8	9	0.153	22	6.25
0.632	1.093	9	10	0.098	22	6.25
0.779	1.014	8	9	0.075	23	5.5
0.977	1.178	9	9	0.057	24	4.75
0.636	1.048	10	10	0.053	25	6.25
0.526	1.105	7	7	0.052	26	5.75
0.528	1.247	7	7	0.051	27	5.5
0.484	1.125	6	6	0.017	32	5.5
0.416	1.159	8	7	0.010	35	4.5

Min. SNR at $B E R = 1 \times 10^{- 3}$
Min. $\frac{G_{B}}{B_{W}}$
subject to
$0.1 \leq O M I \leq 1$
$400 \leq I_{b i a s} \leq 2000 m A$
$0.01 \times B_{W} \leq G_{B} \leq B_{W}$
$(2^{X_{max}})^{- 1} \leq G_{I} = (2^{X})^{- 1} \leq (2^{X_{m i n}})^{- 1}$
$4 \leq N_{s a m p} \leq 10$
$X_{max} = 10$ and $X_{m i n} = 2$

4-QAM
OMI	$I_{b i a s}$ (A)	$G_{I}$	$N_{s a m p}$	$G_{B} / B_{W}$	${S N R}_{r e q}$ (dB)	$2 π h$
0.973	0.171	5	10	0.726	10.449	12
0.924	0.650	7	10	0.253	10.645	11.75
1	0.882	6	10	0.057	10.84	12
1	0.939	9	10	0.010	11.426	11.75
0.703	0.634	6	9	0.010	13.965	10.25
16-QAM
OMI	$I_{b i a s}$ (A)	$G_{I}$	$N_{s a m p}$	$G_{B} / B_{W}$	${S N R}_{r e q}$ (dB)	$2 π h$
0.937	0.01	10	10	1	18	6
0.937	0.206	8	10	0.906	18	6
1	1.049	7	10	0.357	18	6.25
0.764	1.093	10	10	0.304	19	6.25
0.845	1.067	7	9	0.281	20	6
0.852	1.081	10	10	0.251	20	6.25
0.678	1.084	5	9	0.178	21	6
0.691	0.972	10	10	0.159	21	6.25
0.905	1.01	8	9	0.153	22	6.25
0.632	1.093	9	10	0.098	22	6.25
0.779	1.014	8	9	0.075	23	5.5
0.977	1.178	9	9	0.057	24	4.75
0.636	1.048	10	10	0.053	25	6.25
0.526	1.105	7	7	0.052	26	5.75
0.528	1.247	7	7	0.051	27	5.5
0.484	1.125	6	6	0.017	32	5.5
0.416	1.159	8	7	0.010	35	4.5

Abstract

Data availability

Cited By

Figures (9)

Tables (7)

Equations (11)

Journal of the Optical Society of America A