The Nagel Anomaloscope and a simple filter anomaloscope were used in testing 103 subjects with
deficient color perception for red and green. The filter anomaloscope differentiates the
deuteranomalous (DA) and the protanomalous types (PA), but does not distinguish types of defect
among dichromats.
A small number of subjects seemed to have a transitional defect between anomalous trichromasy and
dichromasy. Evidence is presented suggesting that many if not all of these are actually dichromats,
who give atypical responses because differences in saturation are mistaken for differences in
hue.
The two instruments agreed closely in their classifications of subjects as to type and degree of
defect. The filter anomaloscope is the simpler in procedure and in interpretation of results.
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Definitely abnormal profile. Error score 210. See Figure 3b
50
3
49–50
1.04
8
Moderately abnormal profile. Error score 109. See Fig. 3c
not given
4
49
1.065
5
Slightly abnormal profile. Error score 59. See Fig. 3d
not given
This subject [L. L. Sloan and L. Wollach, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 38, 502 (1948).] has
complete red green color blindness (dichromasy) in right eye.
Table V
Results for 12 subjects giving equivocal or borderline responses on Nagel anomaloscope.
Case 1. 3° field: can obtain match for values of M from 32 to 73. At M equal
zero, upper (green) field is reported as gray, lower (yellow) field as
green; This suggests a saturation rather than a hue difference. Best
brightness matches: Yg, 17.5; Yr, 12. 1° test field not used.
Case 2. 3° field: can obtain match for values of M from 40 to 73. Best
brightness matches: Yg, 16; Yr, 14. 1° field not used.
Case 3. 3° field: can match at 73 but not at 0. 1° field: match from zero to
73. Yg, 18; Yr, 13.
Case 4. 3° field: can match at 73 but not at zero because of saturation
difference. 1° field, match from 0 to 73. Yg, 37; Yr, 6.
Case 5. 3° field: can match at 73 but not at zero because of saturation
difference. Best brightness matches uncertain: Yg, 12–30; Yr, 3.5–6. 1°
field not used.
Case 6. (brother of Case 4). 3° field: can match at zero but not at 73, where
(yellow) comparison field is reported as redder than mixture field. Best
brightness matches: Yg, 29; Yr, 4.5. 1° field not used.
Case 7. 3° field: can match at zero but not at 73. 1° field: can match from 0
to 73. Yg, 35.5; Yr, 5–6.
Case 8. 3° field: can match at zero but not at 73. 1° field: can match at
zero but not at 73. 1° field: can match from 0 to 73. Yg, 45;Yr, 6.
Case 9. 3° field: no match at zero or at 73, match from 55 to 70. 1° field:
match from 0 to 73. Yg, 38; Yr, 7.
Case 10. (brother of Case 8) 3° field: no match at 73, almost match at zero.
1° field: can match from 0 to 60. Best brightnesses matches: Yg, 33; Yr,
5.5.
Case 11. 3° field: no match from 0 to 73. Yellow comparison field is reported
as redder throughout entire range. 1° field: can match from 25 to 30. Beyond
these limits yellow comparison field reported as redder than mixture field.
Best brightness matches; Yg, 15; Yr, 14.
Case 12. 3° field: no match from 0 to 73. 1° field: no match from 0 to 73.
Responses very inconsistent. Best brightness matches: Yg, 16; Yr, 15.
Table VI
Relationship between classification by Nagel and dichroic filter anomaloscopes.
Definitely abnormal profile. Error score 210. See Figure 3b
50
3
49–50
1.04
8
Moderately abnormal profile. Error score 109. See Fig. 3c
not given
4
49
1.065
5
Slightly abnormal profile. Error score 59. See Fig. 3d
not given
This subject [L. L. Sloan and L. Wollach, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 38, 502 (1948).] has
complete red green color blindness (dichromasy) in right eye.
Table V
Results for 12 subjects giving equivocal or borderline responses on Nagel anomaloscope.
Case 1. 3° field: can obtain match for values of M from 32 to 73. At M equal
zero, upper (green) field is reported as gray, lower (yellow) field as
green; This suggests a saturation rather than a hue difference. Best
brightness matches: Yg, 17.5; Yr, 12. 1° test field not used.
Case 2. 3° field: can obtain match for values of M from 40 to 73. Best
brightness matches: Yg, 16; Yr, 14. 1° field not used.
Case 3. 3° field: can match at 73 but not at 0. 1° field: match from zero to
73. Yg, 18; Yr, 13.
Case 4. 3° field: can match at 73 but not at zero because of saturation
difference. 1° field, match from 0 to 73. Yg, 37; Yr, 6.
Case 5. 3° field: can match at 73 but not at zero because of saturation
difference. Best brightness matches uncertain: Yg, 12–30; Yr, 3.5–6. 1°
field not used.
Case 6. (brother of Case 4). 3° field: can match at zero but not at 73, where
(yellow) comparison field is reported as redder than mixture field. Best
brightness matches: Yg, 29; Yr, 4.5. 1° field not used.
Case 7. 3° field: can match at zero but not at 73. 1° field: can match from 0
to 73. Yg, 35.5; Yr, 5–6.
Case 8. 3° field: can match at zero but not at 73. 1° field: can match at
zero but not at 73. 1° field: can match from 0 to 73. Yg, 45;Yr, 6.
Case 9. 3° field: no match at zero or at 73, match from 55 to 70. 1° field:
match from 0 to 73. Yg, 38; Yr, 7.
Case 10. (brother of Case 8) 3° field: no match at 73, almost match at zero.
1° field: can match from 0 to 60. Best brightnesses matches: Yg, 33; Yr,
5.5.
Case 11. 3° field: no match from 0 to 73. Yellow comparison field is reported
as redder throughout entire range. 1° field: can match from 25 to 30. Beyond
these limits yellow comparison field reported as redder than mixture field.
Best brightness matches; Yg, 15; Yr, 14.
Case 12. 3° field: no match from 0 to 73. 1° field: no match from 0 to 73.
Responses very inconsistent. Best brightness matches: Yg, 16; Yr, 15.
Table VI
Relationship between classification by Nagel and dichroic filter anomaloscopes.