Table I
Lundegardh method. Elements, lines and sensitivities.
Element | Line Wave-Length | Sens. Limit in Milli-moles/Liter |
---|
Ag | 3280.7 | 0.005 |
| 3383.9 | 0.01 |
Au | 2676.0 | 0.1 |
Ba | 5535.5 | 1 |
| 4554.0 | 1 |
Ca | 4226.7 | 0.01 |
Cd | 3261.1 | 2 |
Co | 3526.9 | 0.2 |
| 4121.3 | 2 |
| 3044.0 | 4 |
Cr | 3578.7 | 0.1 |
| 3593.5 | 0.1 |
| 3605.3 | 0.1 |
| 4254.3 | 0.05 |
| 4274.8 | 0.1 |
| 4289.7 | 0.1 |
Cs | 4555.3 | 0.5 |
| 4593.2 | 1 |
Cu | 3247.5 | 0.01 |
| 3274.0 | 0.02 |
Fe | 3859.9 | 0.1 |
| 3719.9 | 0.1 |
| 3441.0 | 0.3 |
Hg | 2536.5 | 1 |
K | 4044.2/47.2 | 0.2 |
| 3446.4 | 2 |
Li | 6707.9 | 0.001 |
Mg | 2852.1 | 0.2 |
Mn | 4030.8 | 0.005 |
| 2798.3 | 0.5 |
Na | 5890.0/95.9 | 0.01 |
| 3302.3/02.9 | 0.5 |
| 2852.8/53.0 | 500 |
Ni | 3414.8 | 0.2 |
| 3510.3 | 0.2 |
| 3515:1 | 0.2 |
| 3524.5 | 0.2 |
| 3493.0 | 0.4 |
| 3002.5/03.6 | 10 |
Pb | 4057.8 | 0.6 |
| 3683.5 | 0.6 |
| 3639.6 | 0.6 |
Pd | 3634.7 | 0.2 |
| 3404.6 | 0.2 |
Rb | 4215.6 | 0.1 |
| 4201.8 | 0.1 |
Ru | 3786.0 | 0.1 |
| 3725.9/28.0 | 0.1 |
Sr | 4607.3 | 0.002 |
| 4215.5 | 0.05 |
| 4077.7 | 0.05 |
Tl | 3775.7 | 0.002 |
| 3519.2 | 0.1 |
| 5350.2 | 0.5 |
| 2767.9 | 2 |
Zn | 3072.1 | 500 |
Other elements: |
dysprosium, gallium, gadolinium, indium, lanthanum, neodymium, praseodymium, rhodium, scandium, yttrium. |
Table II
Results with known solutions. (Concentrations in millimoles per liter.)
Li 6707.9A. Known conc. | 0.209 | 0.093 | 0.039 | 0.020 |
Determination | 1. | .216 | .095 | .036 | .018 |
| 2. | .215 | .090 | .037 | .019 |
| 3. | .206 | .088 | .040 | .019 |
Average | | .212 | .091 | .038 | .019 |
K 4044.2A. Known conc. | 3.35 | 1.40 | 0.777 | 0.198 |
Determination | 1. | 3.26 | 1.41 | .75 | .23 |
| 2. | 3.31 | 1.46 | .73 | .19 |
| 3. | 3.34 | 1.48 | .74 | .20 |
Average | | 3.30 | 1.45 | .74 | .21 |
Mn 4030.8A. Known conc. | 0.126 | 0.047 | 0.019 | 0.010 |
Determination | 1. | .122 | .043 | .018 | .010 |
| 2. | .123 | .043 | .019 | .010 |
| 3. | .123 | .045 | .019 | .010 |
Average | | .123 | .044 | .019 | .010 |
Sr 4607.3A. Known conc. | 0.042 | 0.019 | 0.0100 | 0.0050 |
Determination | 1. | .041 | .018 | .0100 | .0048 |
| 2. | .039 | .017 | .0100 | .0040 |
| 3. | .037 | .013 | .0099 | .0039 |
Average | | .039 | .016 | .0100 | .0042 |
Ca 4226.7A. Known conc. | 0.167 | 0.056 | 0.029 | 0.010 |
Determination | 1. | .143 | .055 | .027 | .0095 |
| 2. | .159 | .056 | .028 | .010 |
| 3. | .157 | .058 | .029 | .010 |
Average | | .153 | .056 | .028 | .010 |
Mg 2852.1A. Known conc. | 2.51 | 0.93 | 0.582 | 0.198 |
Determination | 1. | 2.44 | .88 | .55 | .22 |
| 2. | 2.76 | .97 | .54 | .18 |
| 3. | 2.44 | .98 | .57 | .15 |
Average | | 2.55 | .94 | .55 | .18 |
Na 3302.3A. Known conc. | 4.19 | 1.86 | 0.388 | |
Determination | 1. | 4.06 | 2.00 | .54 | |
| 2. | 4.10 | 2.00 | .51 | |
| 3. | 4.10 | 2.07 | .52 | |
Average | | 4.09 | 2.02 | .52 | |
Table III
Results with known solutions. (Concentrations in millimoles per liter.)
Cr Known | 0.111 | 0.222 | 0.286 | 0.67 | 1.11 | 1.43 | 0.118 | 0.194 | 0.333 |
3605.3 | .111 | .201 | .268 | .68 | 1.25 | 1.45 | | | |
3593.5 | .101 | .225 | .291 | .69 | 1.18 | 1.43 | | | |
3578.7 | .100 | .226 | .294 | .70 | 1.25 | 1.51 | | | |
4289.7 | .106 | .235 | .295 | .70 | 1.20 | 1.54 | .120 | .187 | .355 |
4274.8 | .114 | .225 | .294 | .73 | 1.21 | 1.53 | .120 | .186 | .322 |
4254.3 | .108 | .228 | .294 | .70 | 1.24 | 1.52 | .114 | .187 | .329 |
Cu Known | 0.016 | 0.033 | 0.043 | 0.100 | 0.167 | 0.214 | | | |
3274.0 | — | .030 | .043 | .103 | .171 | .210 | | | |
3247.5 | .014 | .031 | .045 | .105 | .171 | .215 | | | |
Cd Known | 28.57 | 13.33 | 23.26 | 6.67 | 3.88 | 2.36 | | | |
3261.1 | 28.48 | 13.83 | 23.08 | 6.44 | 3.93 | 2.44 | | | |
Pb Known | 0.67 | 1.33 | 1.71 | 4.00 | 6.67 | 8.57 | | | |
4057.8 | .66 | 1.28 | 1.47 | 3.94 | 6.72 | 8.54 | | | |
3083.5 | .68 | 1.20 | 1.55 | 4.01 | 6.67 | 8.10 | | | |
3039.6 | .60 | 1.20 | 1.49 | 3.94 | 6.58 | 8.34 | | | |
Ni Known | 2.86 | 2.33 | 1.33 | 0.667 | 0.388 | 0.236 | | | |
3510.3 | 2.71 | 2.29 | 1.29 | .61 | .37 | .20 | | | |
3414.8 | 2.56 | 2.31 | 1.27 | .61 | .36 | .20 | | | |
3515.1 | 2.48 | 2.07 | 1.25 | .60 | .36 | .21 | | | |
3493.0 | 2.46 | 2.14 | 1.34 | .63 | .37 | — | | | |
Tl Known | 0.0286 | 0.0133 | 0.0233 | 0.00667 | | | | | |
3775.7 | .0282 | .0140 | .0232 | .00663 | | | | | |
Ag Known | 0.0714 | 0.0333 | 0.0581 | 0.0167 | 0.0097 | | | | |
3280.7 | .0694 | .0322 | .0554 | .0160 | .0100 | | | | |
Table IV
Concentrations in millimoles per liter of standard solutions to cover the suitable range.
Element | ×1 | ×2 | ×5 | ×10 | ×20 |
---|
Ca | 4226.7 | 0.25 | 0.125 | 0.05 | 0.025 | 0.0125 |
Ag | 3383.9 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.005 |
Ba | 4554.0 | 20 | 10 | 4 | 2 | 1 |
Cd | 3261.1 | 40 | 20 | 8 | 4 | 2 |
Cr | 4254.3 | 2 | 1 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
Cu | 3247.5 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.005 |
| 3274.0 | 0.30 | 0.15 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.015 |
Fe | 3719.9 | 5 | 2.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.25 |
K | 4044.2 | 5 | 2.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.25 |
Li | 6707.9 | 0.25 | 0.125 | 0.05 | 0.025 | 0.0125 |
Mg | 2852.1 | 5 | 2.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.25 |
Mn | 4030.8 | 0.25 | 0.125 | 0.05 | 0.025 | 0.0125 |
Na | 3302.3 | 10 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 0.5 |
| 5890.0 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
Ni | 3414.8 | 4 | 2 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.2 |
Pb | 3683.5 | 12 | 6 | 2.4 | 1.2 | 0.6 |
Sr | 4607.3 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.005 |
Tl | 3775.7 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.008 | 0.004 | 0.002 |
Table V
Results with potassium compared with results by a chemical method. (Solutions of plant ash in percent.)
Chem. | Spec. |
---|
1.99 | 2.01 |
1.67 | 1.87 |
1.93 | 1.97 |
2.00 | 1.95 |
0.90 | 0.81 |
0.90 | 0.75 |
1.29 | 1.19 |
2.24 | 1.95 |
2.60 | 2.53 |
2.30 | 2.41 |
2.63 | 2.49 |
2.04 | 2.04 |
1.32 | 1.26 |
2.89 | 2.95 |
Table VI
Results in percent, samples ashed and analyzed for iron, using two lines.
Sample | 3860A | 3720A |
---|
1–1 | 0.0370 | 0.0377 |
1–2 | .0354 | .0348 |
2–1 | .0486 | .0490 |
2–2 | .0483 | .0461 |
Table VIII
Effect of acid concentration of solutions.
Element | Fe | Na | Mn | Mg | Sr | Ca | K |
---|
Standard 0.1 Normal |
Conc. | 1.25 | 2.50 | 0.0625 | 1.25 | 0.0250 | 0.0625 | 1.25 |
Normality |
0.2 | 1.24 | 2.41 | 0.0607 | 1.34 | 0.0234 | 0.0588 | 1.19 |
0.5 | 1.21 | 2.37 | .0580 | 1.39 | .0207 | .0521 | 1.09 |
1 | 1.19 | 2.17 | .0585 | 1.34 | .0177 | .0471 | 1.01 |
3 | 1.30 | 2.09 | .0594 | 1.48 | .0122 | .0337 | 0.76 |
Conc. | | 2.86 | | 1.43 | 0.0286 | 0.0704 | 1.43 |
0.1 | | 2.88 | | 1.46 | .0306 | .0709 | 1.42 |
0.05 | | 2.95 | | 1.37 | .0311 | | 1.48 |
0.01 | | 2.94 | | 1.45 | .0311 | | 1.47 |
Neut. | | 3.04 | | 1.57 | .0323 | | 1.48 |
Neutral Standard |
Conc. | | | 0.0704 | 2.50 | 0.0286 | 0.0704 | 1.43 |
0.1 | | | .0650 | 2.39 | .0273 | .0695 | 1.36 |
0.05 | | | .0693 | | .0275 | | 1.43 |
0.01 | | | .0700 | | .0280 | | 1.41 |
Neut. | | | .0710 | | .0290 | .0714 | 1.43 |
Table IX
Studies involving high sodium concentrations. (Concentrations in millimoles per liter.)
Solutions, 0.5M NaCl | Results With Various Standard Solutions |
---|
Element | Known Conc. | Normal | with 1M NaCl | with 0.5M NaCl |
---|
K | 3.50 | 2.61 | 4.46 | 3.54 |
K | 2.50 | 1.85 | 3.22 | 2.47 |
K | 3.75 | 2.84 | 4.59 | 3.71 |
Mn | .0200 | .0163 | .0233 | .0202 |
Mn | .0170 | .0130 | .0210 | .0163 |
Mn | .0150 | .0114 | .0214 | .0160 |
Ca | .1250 | .073 | .171 | .122 |
Sr | .0500 | .0308 | .0684 | .0515 |
Sr | .0035 | .0027 | .0047 | .0034 |
Fe | 2.50 | 2.11 | 3.06 | 2.41 |