Network traffic analysis under emerging beyond-5G scenarios for multi-band optical technology adoption

Marc Ruiz; José Alberto Hernández; Marco Quagliotti; Emilio Hugues Salas; Emilio Riccardi; Albert Rafel; Luis Velasco; Oscar González de Dios

doi:10.1364/JOCN.492128

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking
Vol. 15,
Issue 11,
pp. F36-F47
(2023)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.492128

Network traffic analysis under emerging beyond-5G scenarios for multi-band optical technology adoption

Marc Ruiz, José Alberto Hernández, Marco Quagliotti, Emilio Hugues Salas, Emilio Riccardi, Albert Rafel, Luis Velasco, and Oscar González de Dios

Not Accessible

Your library or personal account may give you access

Get PDF
Email
Share
Get Citation
Copy Citation Text
Marc Ruiz, José Alberto Hernández, Marco Quagliotti, Emilio Hugues Salas, Emilio Riccardi, Albert Rafel, Luis Velasco, and Oscar González de Dios, "Network traffic analysis under emerging beyond-5G scenarios for multi-band optical technology adoption," J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 15, F36-F47 (2023)

Export Citation
- BibTex
- Endnote (RIS)
- HTML
- Plain Text
Citation alert
Save article

Related Topics
Optics & Photonics Topics
?

The topics in this list come from the Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: April 21, 2023
- Revised Manuscript: July 5, 2023
- Manuscript Accepted: July 18, 2023
- Published: October 5, 2023
Virtual Issues
Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Special Issue on Advances in Multi-Band Optical Networks (2023)

Abstract

The recently created ITU-T Focus Group Network 2030 is leading network operators to identify the requirements and use cases that networks are expected to fulfill for the short, medium, and long term within the current decade. Essentially, network operators need to evolve their networks to meet strict performance requirements in several dimensions, including a large bandwidth to support foreseen beyond-5G (B5G) services, such as digital twins and volumetric video. To provide such a bandwidth requirement in a sustainable and scalable way, multi-band (MB) optical networks are expected to gradually extend legacy optical network capacity by exploiting bands beyond ${\rm C} + {\rm L}$. In this paper, we present a traffic analysis methodology to help network operators to compute expected traffic demand to be supported in their networks as a result of combining well-known mass market services with foreseen B5G service scenarios. Numerical results based on inputs and forecasts from major European network operators show that MB will be required at all network segments, including metro-aggregation, metro-core, and backbone, by the end of this decade.

Full Article | PDF Article

More Like This

Enabling seamless migration of optical metro-urban networks to the multi-band: unveiling a cutting-edge 6D planning tool for the 6G era

Farhad Arpanaei, José Manuel Rivas-Moscoso, Ivan De Francesca, José Alberto Hernández, Alfonso Sánchez-Macián, Mahdi Ranjbar Zefreh, David Larrabeiti, and Juan Pedro Fernández-Palacios
J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 16(4) 463-480 (2024)

Networking assessment of ROADM architecture based on a photonics integrated WSS for 800G multi-band optical transport

Muhammad Umar Masood, Lorenzo Tunesi, Ihtesham Khan, Bruno Correia, Rasoul Sadeghi, Enrico Ghillino, Paolo Bardella, Andrea Carena, and Vittorio Curri
J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 15(10) E51-E62 (2023)

Impact of the band upgrade sequence on the capacity and capital expenditure of multi-band optical networks

Ningning Guo, Kai Zhang, Yongcheng Li, Ning Deng, Sanjay K. Bose, and Gangxiang Shen
J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 15(10) E1-E17 (2023)

Previous Article Next Article

Cited By

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Cited by links are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Figures (7)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Figure files are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Tables (11)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Article tables are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

ACO	Access central office
AP	Access point
AI	Artificial intelligence
B5G	Beyond 5G
BBN	Backbone network
BNG	Border network gateway
CAGR	Cummulative annual growth rate
CO	Central office
CCO	Cloud central office
CDN	Content delivery network
DIRC	Direct communications
DL	Downlink
DT	Digital twins
DU/CU	Distributed unit/centralized unit
e2e	End-to-end
FTTA	Fiber-to-the-antenna
FTTH	Fiber-to-the-home
GW	Gateway
HD	High definition
HH	Household
IPTV	Internet protocol television
IT	Information technology
M2M	Machine-to-machine
MB	Multi-band
MAN	Metro-regional aggregation network
MCN	Metro-regional core network
MCS	Macro cell site
ML	Machine learning
NCO	National central office
QoE	Quality of experience
QoS	Quality of service
RCO	Regional central office
RTT	Round trip time
SCS	Small cell site
SDM	Space-division multiplexing
SDN	Software defined networking
UL	Uplink
UPF	User-plane function
VNF	Virtual network functions
VV	Volumetric video
WB	Web browsing

	ACO	RCO	NCO	CCO
Number of COs	$\sim 10 K$	$\sim 1 K$	$\sim 100$	$\sim 10$
Population covered	$\sim 10 K$	$\sim 100 K$	$\sim 1 M$	$\sim 10 M$
Max. dist. from AP (km)	20	120	420	1420
Reliability	High	Very high	Extreme	Extreme
Downtime (min/year)	600	120	26	26
RTT (ms)	1	$\sim 5 - 10$	20	50

Subnetwork	#COs	#Links	Diameter (km)
Dense urban	7	6	15.1
Urban	9	8	34.0
Suburban 1	8	7	55.8
Suburban 2	10	9	85.1
Suburban 3	12	11	105.3
Rural	11	10	163.6
MCN	6	9	21.6

Code	Class	Geotype	HH	MCS	SCS
BB_01	NCO	Dense urban	14,700	13	52
CR_01	RCO	Urban	17,500	9	36
DU_01	ACO	Dense urban	10,600	11	44
S1_06	ACO	Suburban	8800	7	28
RU_04	ACO	Rural	4100	4	0

Service	Access Type	% Users	$p_{i n}$ (Mb/s)	$p_{o u t}$ (Mb/s)
DIRC	HH	10%	10	10
	MCS	20%	5	5
	SCS	30%	5	5
WB	HH	20%	1	5
	MCS	50%	0.4	2
	SCS	75%	0.5	2.5
CDN	HH	25%	0.2	20
	MCS	15%	0.075	7.5
	SCS	10%	0.1	10

	Centralized			Semi-distributed			Distributed
$p_{e}$	DIRC	WB	CDN	DIRC	WB	CDN	DIRC	WB	CDN
Service IO $A ⟨ - ⟩$ Ref. Telco Node $i$	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
Ref. Telco Node $i ⟨ - ⟩$ Service IO $B$	25%	–	–	10%	–	–	50%	–	–
Ref. Telco Node $i ⟨ - ⟩$ Telco Node $j$ (MAN)	0%	–	–	40%	–	–	0%	–	–
Ref. Telco Node $i ⟨ - ⟩$ Twin Telco Node $i^{'}$ (MCN)	25%	–	–	0%	–	–	0%	–	–
Ref. Telco Node $i ⟨ - ⟩$ Telco Node $j$ (MCN)	30%	–	–	30%	–	–	30%	–	–
Ref. Telco Node $i ⟨ - ⟩$ Ref. Proc. Node $I$ (Far Edge)	–	0%	0%	–	0%	0%	–	30%	20%
Ref. Telco Node $i ⟨ - ⟩$ Ref. Proc. Node $I$ (MAN)	–	0%	0%	–	40%	50%	–	10%	30%
Ref. Telco Node $i ⟨ - ⟩$ Ref. Proc. Node $I$ (MCN)	–	50%	70%	–	10%	20%	–	10%	20%
Ref. Telco Node $i ⟨ - ⟩$ Other Proc. Node $I$ (MCN)	–	30%	30%	–	30%	30%	–	30%	30%
Ref. Telco Node $i ⟨ - ⟩$ Service GW	20%	20%	0%	20%	20%	0%	20%	20%	0%

Service	Penetration	$p_{i n}$ (Gb/s)	$p_{o u t}$ (Gb/s)
DT	Low	2.4	0.024
	Medium	20	0.2
	High	100	1
VV	Low	0.007	0.7
	Medium	0.14	14
	High	0.6	60

	Short-T		Mid-T		Long-T
Geotype	$D L + U L$ (Tb/s)	% DL	$D L + U L$ (Tb/s)	% DL	$D L + U L$ (Tb/s)	% DL
Dense urban	0.21	83%	1.75	80%	7.00	78%
Urban	0.30	83%	2.54	80%	10.22	78%
Suburban	0.15	84%	1.25	80%	5.04	78%
Rural	0.07	87%	0.63	81%	2.56	79%

CO	Side	Direction	Short-T	Mid-T	Long-T
ACO	Access	UL	0.05	0.5	2.2
ACO	Access	DL	0.25	2.0	8.0
NCO	MCN	UL	0.7	7.1	31.7
NCO	MCN	DL	3.6	29.3	114.8
NCO	BBN	UL	1.6	15.3	56.5
NCO	BBN	DL	1.3	11	44.1
GW	BBN	UL	1	6.8	27.7
GW	BBN	DL	3.2	41.4	171.7

Network Segment	Short-Term	Mid-Term	Long-Term
MAN	C-band	C-band	( $C + L$ )-bands/SDM ( $\leq 4$ )
MCN	( $C + L$ )-bands/SDM ( $\leq 4$ )	MB ( $S + C + L$ or $E + C + L$ )/SDM ( $\leq 4$ )	MB $(O + E + S + C + L) / S D M (> 4)$
Backbone	( $C + L$ )-bands/SDM ( $\leq 4$ )	MB $(S + C + L o r E + C + L) / S D M$ ( $\leq 4$ )	MB $(O + E + S + C + L) / S D M (> 4)$

Marc Ruiz	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6429-6347
José Alberto Hernández	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9551-4308
Emilio Hugues Salas	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3618-1395
Luis Velasco	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7345-296X
Oscar González de Dios	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1898-0807

Abstract

Cited By

Figures (7)

Tables (11)

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking