Abstract

Whispering gallery mode (WGM) crystalline resonator is an excellent platform for acoustic sensing because the quality (Q) factor of 10¹¹ can theoretically increase sensitivity by more than three orders of magnitude. However, ultrahigh sensitivity and wide dynamic response range cannot be achieved simultaneously, due to the extremely narrow linewidth and small linear range of ultrahigh-Q mode. Based on the multi-mode calcium fluoride (CaF₂) resonator supports different Q (10⁶∼10⁹), fast switching with ultrahigh sensitivity and wide dynamic response range can be achieved by locking modes with different Q. The mode with Q of 5.13 × 10⁸ shows a high sensitivity of 280 mV/Pa at 1 kHz frequency, which is better than other WGM acoustic sensors currently reported. When switching to the lower-Q of 6.24 × 10⁶, the dynamic response range is improved by 38.3 dB.

Sandwich structure magnetometer with a high sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio based on an ultrahigh-Q CaF₂ resonator

Jiamin Bai, Jiamin Rong, Enbo Xing, Ruipu Ji, Jun Yue, Li Li, Wenyao Liu, Yanru Zhou, Jun Tang, and Jun Liu
Appl. Opt. 62(3) 820-825 (2023)

Micro-fiber-optic acoustic sensor based on high-Q resonance effect using Fabry-Pérot etalon

Jiamin Chen, Chenyang Xue, Yongqiu Zheng, Liyun Wu, Chen Chen, and Yuan Han
Opt. Express 29(11) 16447-16454 (2021)

Efficient Raman laser based on a CaF₂ resonator

Ivan S. Grudinin and Lute Maleki
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 25(4) 594-598 (2008)

Ultrahigh-sensitivity temperature sensor based on an elastic TPU capillary whispering gallery resonator

Xinyang Gu, Chaolong Fang, Youyi Zhuang, and Dawei Zhang
Opt. Lett. 49(2) 310-313 (2024)

Acoustic sensor based on fiber-optic polymeric resonator

Amir R. Ali, Haidi H. Badawi, and Momen Algohary
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 36(2) 509-516 (2019)