Abstract

This paper presents an enhanced security mechanism to protect spectral-amplitude-coding optical code-division multiple-access networks against eavesdropping. This study proposes an alternative to huge code-space size techniques such as wavelength hopping/time spreading or spectral-phase coding for network protection against eavesdropping by exploiting the cyclic properties of arrayed-waveguide-grating routers and maximal-length sequence code (M-sequence code). In addition, the network is protected using a dynamic reconfigurable coding/decoding scheme based on optical switches and a dynamic code matrix assignment scheme implemented using simple electrical shift registers. The signal-to-beat noise ratio is evaluated for various data bit rates to provide an indication of the confidentiality of the power level for a specified bit error rate (P_e≤10^-9). To further verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, this paper investigates a weighted load balance problem based on the power distribution of each transmitted wavelength under various eavesdropping abilities. A dynamic codeword modification is proposed which identifies the code matrix assignment that minimizes the degree of weighted load balance (DWLB). The evaluation results show that the reconfiguration policy outperforms one class of static policies in terms of two performance metrics, namely, the DWLB and the number of register shifts required to reconfigure the code matrix assignment.

© 2007 IEEE

Reduction of Linear Crosstalk Over Waveguide-Grating-Based Optical CDMA Coders/Decoders

Jen-Fa Huang, Chih-Ta Yen, and Ying-Wei Tu
J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 2(11) 975-983 (2010)

Eavesdropping-Aware Routing and Spectrum/Code Allocation in OFDM-Based EONs Using Spread Spectrum Techniques

Giannis Savva, Konstantinos Manousakis, and Georgios Ellinas
J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 11(7) 409-421 (2019)

40 Gb/s, secure optical communication based upon fast reconfigurable time domain spectral phase en/decoding with 40 Gchip/s optical code and symbol overlapping

Zhensen Gao, Bo Dai, Xu Wang, Nobuyuki Kataoka, and Naoya Wada
Opt. Lett. 36(22) 4326-4328 (2011)

Multirate Multiservice All-Optical Code Switched GMPLS Core Network Utilizing Multicode Variable-Weight Optical Code-Division Multiplexing

Ahmed E. Farghal, Hossam M. H. Shalaby, and Zen Kawasaki
J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 6(8) 670-683 (2014)

All-optical code routing in interconnected optical CDMA and WDM ring networks

Yanhua Deng, Mable P. Fok, Paul R. Prucnal, and Ting Wang
Opt. Lett. 35(21) 3628-3630 (2010)