Abstract
The need for more environmentally friendly and efficient energy conversion is of
paramount importance in developing and designing next-generation internal combustion
(IC) engines for transportation applications. One effective solution to reducing
emissions of mono-nitrogen oxides (NOx) is exhaust gas recirculation (EGR),
which has been widely implemented in modern vehicles. However, cylinder-to-cylinder and
cycle-to-cycle variations in the charge-gas uniformity can be a major barrier to optimum
EGR implementation on multi-cylinder engines, and can limit performance, stability, and
efficiency. Precise knowledge and fine control over the EGR system is therefore crucial,
particularly for optimizing advanced engine concepts such as reactivity controlled
compression ignition (RCCI). An absorption-based laser diagnostic was developed to study
spatiotemporal charge-gas distributions in an IC engine intake manifold in real-time.
The laser was tuned to an absorption band of carbon dioxide (CO2), a standard
exhaust-gas marker, near 2.7 µm. The sensor was capable of probing four separate
measurement locations simultaneously, and independently analyzing EGR fraction at speeds
of 5 kHz (1.2 crank-angle degree (CAD) at 1 k RPM) or faster with high accuracy. The
probes were used to study spatiotemporal EGR non-uniformities in the intake manifold and
ultimately promote the development of more efficient and higher performance
engines.
© 2016 The Author(s)
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