Abstract
Protoporphyrin (PpIX), a porphyrin derivative, is the intermediate metabolic
precursor of the heme molecule. Abnormal metabolism of total erythrocyte PpIX has
been observed in diseases such as cancer, lead poisoning, psoriasis, iron deficiency
anemia and acute porphyries. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic syndrome
in which hyperglycemia is the primary clinical manifestation and contributes to the
diabetic complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of
fluorescence spectroscopy of erythrocyte PpIX for monitoring the early stages of
diabetes. A total of 14 male C 57BL mice, 6 weeks old, were divided into two groups:
diabetic and non-diabetic. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of
streptozotocin (SZT). Blood cells were cultured with standard and 50 mM supplemented
RPMI medium. Blood smears were prepared and stained for qualitative morphology
analysis under optical microscopy. Blood porphyrin autofluorescence was analyzed by
fluorescence spectroscopy. Characteristic PpIX emission spectra were obtained by
exciting the samples at 405 nm. Average blood glucose was lower in the control group
than in the diabetic group (156.50 ± 6 8.11 mg/dL vs. 371.10 ± 6 14.43 mg/dL, P
< 0.05). Both diabetic and glucose-cultured erythroblasts showed a
significant decrease (around 30.5% and 40%, respectively) in the emission band
intensity at 635 nm. Our results indicate that the erythrocyte PpIX profile could be
used as a biological monitor for diabetes.
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