A Method for Predicting Atmospheric Aerosol Scattering Coefficients in the Infrared

E. A. Barnhardt; J. L. Streete

doi:10.1364/AO.9.001337

Applied Optics
Vol. 9,
Issue 6,
pp. 1337-1344
(1970)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.9.001337

A Method for Predicting Atmospheric Aerosol Scattering Coefficients in the Infrared

E. A. Barnhardt and J. L. Streete

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E. A. Barnhardt and J. L. Streete, "A Method for Predicting Atmospheric Aerosol Scattering Coefficients in the Infrared," Appl. Opt. 9, 1337-1344 (1970)

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Abstract

A method for predicting scattering coefficients in the atmospheric windows from 1.0 μ to 15.0 μ is presented. The method avoids the assumptions that the index of refraction and the aerosol distribution are constants over the range of relative humidity values. Relative humidity is taken as the independent variable with the aerosol distribution and index of refraction dependent upon the value of the relative humidity. A two-component continental and maritime aerosol distribution is used. Although strictly applicable to the 1.0–15.0 μ wavelength region, the calculations are extended with a lesser degree of accuracy into the visible region so that comparisons with measured data may be made.

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Molecule	Index of refraction	Molecule	Index of refraction
NaCl	1.54	CaSO₄	1.57
NH₄Cl	1.64	KCl	1.49
NH₄NO₃	1.60	Na₂SO₄	1.48
(NH₄)₂SO₄	1.52	SiO₂	1.49
MgCl₂	1.54	K₂SO₄	1.49
NaNO₄	1.59

Wavelength (μ)	Real component of the index of refraction of water
0.30	1.357
0.40	1.343
0.50	1.336
0.55	1.334
0.60	1.333
0.70	1.330
0.80	1.329
0.90	1.327
1.06	1.325
1.26	1322
1.67	1.316
2.17	1.293
3.50	1.423
4.00	1.347
4.66	1.339^*
9.20	1.257
10.00	1.212
12.00	1.165
13.05	1.270
15.00	1.315^*

Relative humidity	Wavelength (μ)	Aerosol radius (μ)	α = 2πr/λ	N_T(r) (cm⁻³μ⁻¹)	K(α,n)	r²K(α,n) (μ²)	N_T(r)r²K(α,n) (μ⁻¹ km⁻¹)
<50%		0.1	0.042	2.38 × 10³	2 × 10⁻⁶	2 × 10⁻⁸	4.76 × 10⁻⁸
(n ≃ 1.54)	15
		20	8.35	1.99 × 10⁻⁶	2.01	804	1.60 × 10⁻⁶
		0.1	0.628	0.496	0.0364	3.6 × 10⁻⁴	1.81 × 10⁻⁴
	1.0
		20	250.4	1.99 × 10⁻⁶	2.06	82.44	1.60 × 10⁻⁶
>98.8%		0.1	0.042	2.78 × 10³	1 × 10⁻⁶	1 × 10⁻⁸	2.78 × 10⁻³
(n ≃ 1.33)	15
		20	8.35	2.01 × 10⁻⁶	3.16	1264	2.54 × 10⁻⁶
		0.1	0.628	0.502	0.0167	1.67 × 10⁻⁴	8.38 × 10⁻⁵
	1.0
		20	250.4	2.01 × 10⁻⁶	2.01	805.6	1.60 × 10⁻⁶

RH (%)	Aerosol particles
RH (%)	Radius (μ)	Continental (cm⁻³μ⁻¹)	Maritime (cm⁻³μ⁻¹)	Total (cm⁻³μ⁻¹)
50	0.1	0.2374 × 10⁴	0.340 × 10¹	0.2377 × 10⁴
	0.5	0.4849 × 10¹	0.5319 × 10⁰	0.5382 × 10¹
	1.0	0.3129 × 10⁰	0.1827 × 10⁰	0.4955 × 10⁰
	10.0	0.3128 × 10⁻⁴	0.1737 × 10⁻⁴	0.4865 × 10⁻⁴
	20.0	0.1987 × 10⁻⁵	0.4069 × 10⁻⁸	0.1991 × 10⁻⁵
70	00.1	0.2466 × 10⁴	0.3436 × 10¹	0.2469 × 10⁴
	0.5	0.4899 × 10¹	0.5334 × 10⁰	0.5423 × 10¹
	1.0	0.3141 × 10⁰	0.1830 × 10⁰	0.4971 × 10⁰
	10.0	0.3141 × 10⁻⁴	0.1732 × 10⁻⁴	0.4893 × 10⁻⁴
	20.00	0.1990 × 10⁻⁵	0.4103 × 10⁻⁸	0.1994 × 10⁻⁵
90	0.1	0.2610 × 10⁴	0.3489 × 10¹	0.2614 × 10⁴
	0.5	0.4948 × 10¹	0.5357 × 10⁰	0.5483 × 10¹
	1.0	0.3160 × 10⁰	0.1835 × 10⁰	0.4995 × 10⁰
	10.0	0.3160 × 10⁻⁴	0.1775 × 10⁻⁴	0.4936 × 10⁻⁴
	20.0	0.1997 × 10⁻⁵	0.4154 × 10⁻⁸	0.2000 × 10⁻⁵

Molecule	Index of refraction	Molecule	Index of refraction
NaCl	1.54	CaSO₄	1.57
NH₄Cl	1.64	KCl	1.49
NH₄NO₃	1.60	Na₂SO₄	1.48
(NH₄)₂SO₄	1.52	SiO₂	1.49
MgCl₂	1.54	K₂SO₄	1.49
NaNO₄	1.59

Abstract

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Equations (14)

Applied Optics