Feasibility study of a total precipitable water IPDA lidar from a solar-powered stratospheric aircraft

John A. Dykema; Simone Bianconi; Craig Mascarenhas; Jim Anderson

doi:10.1364/AO.494101

Applied Optics
Vol. 62,
Issue 25,
pp. 6724-6736
(2023)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.494101

Feasibility study of a total precipitable water IPDA lidar from a solar-powered stratospheric aircraft

John A. Dykema, Simone Bianconi, Craig Mascarenhas, and Jim Anderson

Not Accessible

Your library or personal account may give you access

Get PDF
Email
Share
Get Citation
Copy Citation Text
John A. Dykema, Simone Bianconi, Craig Mascarenhas, and Jim Anderson, "Feasibility study of a total precipitable water IPDA lidar from a solar-powered stratospheric aircraft," Appl. Opt. 62, 6724-6736 (2023)

Export Citation
- BibTex
- Endnote (RIS)
- HTML
- Plain Text
Citation alert
Save article

Check for updates

Abstract

Repetitive, high spatial resolution measurements of water vapor are highly desirable for a range of critical applications, including quantitative forecasts of wildfire risk forecasting, extreme weather, drought implicated in mass refugee dislocation, and air quality. A point design for an integrated path differential absorption (IPDA) light detection and ranging (lidar) for column precipitable water vapor (PWV) intended for high-altitude long-endurance (HALE) uncrewed aerial systems (UASs) is described and analyzed. A novel, to the best of our knowledge, all-semiconductor source utilizing an intensity-modulated continuous wave approach to ranging is proposed, which facilitates reductions in weight, power, and size. Analytic and Monte Carlo calculations suggest that high spatial resolution (${\lt}{10}\;{\rm m}$) or high precision (${\lt}{1}\%$) may be obtained.

Full Article | PDF Article

More Like This

Evaluation of an airborne triple-pulsed 2 μm IPDA lidar for simultaneous and independent atmospheric water vapor and carbon dioxide measurements

Tamer F. Refaat, Upendra N. Singh, Jirong Yu, Mulugeta Petros, Syed Ismail, Michael J. Kavaya, and Kenneth J. Davis
Appl. Opt. 54(6) 1387-1398 (2015)

Feasibility study of a space-based high pulse energy 2 μm CO₂ IPDA lidar

Upendra N. Singh, Tamer F. Refaat, Syed Ismail, Kenneth J. Davis, Stephan R. Kawa, Robert T. Menzies, and Mulugeta Petros
Appl. Opt. 56(23) 6531-6547 (2017)

Double-pulse 2-μm integrated path differential absorption lidar airborne validation for atmospheric carbon dioxide measurement

Tamer F. Refaat, Upendra N. Singh, Jirong Yu, Mulugeta Petros, Ruben Remus, and Syed Ismail
Appl. Opt. 55(15) 4232-4246 (2016)

Previous Article Next Article

Data availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

Cited By

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Cited by links are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Figures (9)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Figure files are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Tables (6)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Article tables are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Equations (8)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Equations are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Parameter	Resolution Focus	Precision Focus
Operating altitude	20 km	20 km
Integration time (per line)	150 ms	3.3 s
Averaged number of shots	1124	24,700
Platform speed	30 m/s	30 m/s
Horizontal resolution	10 m	200 m
Range precision resolution	10 m	100 m

Wavelength range	812–816 nm
Output power (CW)	2 W
Beam quality	$M^{2} = 2$
Beam divergence (full-angle)	0.1 mrad
Beam expansion	$\times 10$
Laser linewidth	500 kHz
Wall-plug efficiency	$> 15 %$
Modulation chirp bandwidth	1.5 MHz
Chirp duration	133 µs

Optical efficiency	80%
Telescope diameter	150 mm
Telescope (full-angle) field-of-view (FoV)	50 µrad
Optical bandpass filter width	1 nm
Detector NEP	$0.9 f W {H z}^{1 / 2}$
Detection bandwidth	1.5 MHz
Detector quantum efficiency (QE)	77%
Detector responsivity	128 A/W
Detector active diameter	0.5 mm
Detector operating temperature	253 K
Geometric overlap at max range	1.00
Background solar irradiance	$1.3 W m^{- 2} {n m}^{- 1}$

Operating altitude	65,000 ft
Wingspan	20 m
Aircraft mass	132 kg
Payload mass	12 kg
Payload power	120 W
Continuous operation	5 months

Atm. model	PWV^a [mm]	$λ_{o p t}$ [nm]	$E_{g n d}$ ^b [ ${c m}^{- 1}$ ]	2-Way Trans.^b	2-Way DAOD^b	SNR^b	PWV Prec.^b [mm]
MLS	28.6	813.23	3315.5	0.27	1.28	0.217	3.23
MLW	8.38	815.70	3762.8	0.25	1.36	0.201	0.95
SAS	20.4	812.91	3310.7	0.29	1.22	0.228	2.30
SAW	4.09	815.68	2364.4	0.29	1.24	0.226	0.46
TRO	40.5	813.34	3343.7	0.27	1.28	0.216	4.57
USA	13.8	815.70	3569.4	0.29	1.21	0.228	1.56

Error Source	PWV Precision (mm)	PWV Bias (mm)
Atmospheric backscatter	3.31	–
Thin cloud	6.87	–
Dry atmosphere	–	−1.71
Wet atmosphere	–	2.58
Dry layer	–	−1.98

Abstract

Data availability

Cited By

Figures (9)

Tables (6)

Equations (8)

Applied Optics