Abstract

We report an experimental proof of concept for speckle-based one-to-three non-line-of-sight (NLOS) free space optical (FSO) communication channels employing structured light shift-keying. A 3-bit gray image of resolution ${{100}} \times {{100}}$ pixels is encoded in Laguerre–Gaussian or Hermite–Gaussian beams and decoded using their respective intensity speckle patterns via trained 1D convolutional neural network. We have achieved an average classification accuracy of 96% and 93% using ${{\rm LG}_{\textit{ml}}}$ and ${{\rm HG}_{\textit{pq}}}$ beams, respectively, among all three channels. It demonstrates the directional independence and broadcasting capability of speckle-based decoding (SBD) in FSO communication using structured light. Further, we have extended the study from 2D to 1D SBD in one-to-three NLOS FSO communication channels to decrease the computational cost and to emphasize the importance of the 1D SBD approach.

© 2023 Optica Publishing Group

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