Model of thermally induced wavefront distortion and birefringence in side-pumped Nd-doped YAG and phosphate glass heat capacity rod lasers

Liang Liu; Xiaobo Wang; Shaofeng Guo; Xiaojun Xu; Qisheng Lu

doi:10.1364/AO.49.005245

Applied Optics
Vol. 49,
Issue 28,
pp. 5245-5253
(2010)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.49.005245

Model of thermally induced wavefront distortion and birefringence in side-pumped Nd-doped YAG and phosphate glass heat capacity rod lasers

Liang Liu, Xiaobo Wang, Shaofeng Guo, Xiaojun Xu, and Qisheng Lu

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Liang Liu, Xiaobo Wang, Shaofeng Guo, Xiaojun Xu, and Qisheng Lu, "Model of thermally induced wavefront distortion and birefringence in side-pumped Nd-doped YAG and phosphate glass heat capacity rod lasers," Appl. Opt. 49, 5245-5253 (2010)

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Abstract

We develop an analytic model to describe the dynamic average thermal distortion and phase difference between the two principal polarizations in side-pumped Nd:YAG and Nd:glass heat capacity rod lasers. It can be predicted that the average thermal distortion is proportional to the temperature profile on the cross section from the analytic expression and, therefore, it is feasible to measure the temperature profile by wavefront sensing. In addition, temperature-dependent variation of the refractive index constitutes the major contribution of the thermal lensing for Nd:YAG rod lasers. Temperature- and stress-dependent variation of the refractive index constitute the major contributions of the thermal lensing for Nd:glass rod lasers. In the case of the same pumping and cooling conditions, there are the same orders of depolarization loss for Nd-doped YAG, LG-680, LG-750, LG-760, and LG-770 glass rod lasers.

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Material	LG-680	LG-750	LG-760	LG-770	YAG
ρ ( $g / {cm}^{3}$ )	2.54	2.83	2.6	2.585	4.56
n	1.56	1.516	1.508	1.4996	1.818
$d n / d T$ ( $\times 10^{- 6}$ )	2.9	$- 5.1$	$- 6.8$	$- 4.7$	7.3
α ( $\times 10^{- 6}$ )	10.18	13.01	15.04	13.36	7.8
k ( $W / mK$ )	1.19	0.49	0.57	0.57	14
C ( $J / g K$ )	0.92	0.72	0.77	0.75	0.59
E (GPa)	90.1	50.1	53.7	47.29	280
v	0.242	0.256	0.267	0.253	0.24
${p^{'}}_{11}$	0.11	0.20	0.19	0.16	$- 0.029$
${p^{'}}_{12}$	0.18	0.24	0.24	0.20	0.0091
${p^{'}}_{44}$	$- 0.04$	$- 0.02$	$- 0.02$	$- 0.02$	$- 0.0615$
$C_{s}$ ( $\times 10^{- 6}$ )	4.54	7.03	7.76	5.88	0.67
$d n / d T + C_{s}$ ( $\times 10^{- 6}$ )	7.44	1.93	0.96	1.18	7.97
$C_{B}$ ( $\times 10^{- 12}$ )	$- 2.09$	$- 1.53$	$- 2.26$	$- 1.44$	$- 2.55$

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Applied Optics