Nonlinear least-squares and phase-shifting quantization methods for diffractive optical element design

Abstract

A new, to our knowledge, design method for diffractive optical elements (DOE’s) is described and compared with existing methods. The technique applies a nonlinear least-squares algorithm to design two-dimensional pure phase DOE’s that reconstruct a desired diffraction pattern with high uniformity, efficiency, and signal-to-noise ratio. The technique also uses a phase-shifting quantization procedure that greatly reduces the quantization error for DOE’s to a minimum level. In this paper, we compare simulated reconstruction results of DOE’s designed by use of these methods with results obtained by the commonly used two-stage iterative Fourier transform design algorithm of Wyrowski. [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 7, 961, (1990)].

© 1997 Optical Society of America

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