Reversal Bleaching for Low Flare Light in Holograms

R. L. Lamberts; C. N. Kurtz

doi:10.1364/AO.10.001342

Reversal Bleaching for Low Flare Light in Holograms

R. L. Lamberts and C. N. Kurtz

Applied Optics
Vol. 10,
Issue 6,
pp. 1342-1347
(1971)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.10.001342

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R. L. Lamberts and C. N. Kurtz, "Reversal Bleaching for Low Flare Light in Holograms," Appl. Opt. 10, 1342-1347 (1971)

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History
- Original Manuscript: October 21, 1970
- Published: June 1, 1971

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Abstract

It has been shown that the principal cause of flare light in a bleached hologram is self-interference of light from an extended object. In most bleaching processes the surface relief image and variation of refractive index of the bleached emulsion combine to enhance the self-interference pattern at low spatial frequencies and thus to enhance the flare light. This paper describes a reversal bleach process for Kodak spectroscopic plates, Type 649-F, such that the relief image tends to cancel the effects of the index variation for low spatial frequencies. This makes it possible to achieve high diffraction efficiencies and signal-to-noise ratios. Data are given.

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Solution A
Water	750 ml
Sodium sulfite, desiccated	8 g
Pyrocatechol^b	40 g
Sodium sulfate, desiccated	100 g
Water to make	1 liter
Solution B
Water	750 ml
Sodium hydroxide	20 g
Sodium sulfate, desiccated	100 g
Water to make	1 liter

		Temperature

Step	Time	°F	°C
1. Develop (Kodak special developer, SD-48)	5 min	75	24
2. Stop bath (Kodak stop bath SB-1)	15 sec	70–80	21–27
3. Rinse, running water	1 min	70–80	21–27
4. Bleach (Kodak bleach bath R-9)	3 min	70–80	21–27
5. Wash, running water	5 min	70–80	21–27
6. Stain removal (Kodak stain remover S-13, Solution A)	1 min	70–80	21–27
7. Clear (Kodak stain remover S-13, Solution B)	1 min	70–80	21–27
8. Wash, running water	5–10 min	70–80	21–27
9. Dry^a

KODAK BLEACH BATH R-9
Distilled water	1.0 liter
Potassium dichromate	9.5 g
Sulfuric acid (concentrated)^a	12.0 ml
KODAK STAIN REMOVER S-13
Solution A
Water	750 ml
Potassium permanganate	2.5 g
Sulfuric acid (concentrated)^a	8.0 ml
Water to make	1.0 liter
Solution B
Water	750 ml
Sodium bisulfite	10 g
Water to make	1 liter

Solution A
Water	750 ml
Sodium sulfite, desiccated	8 g
Pyrocatechol^b	40 g
Sodium sulfate, desiccated	100 g
Water to make	1 liter
Solution B
Water	750 ml
Sodium hydroxide	20 g
Sodium sulfate, desiccated	100 g
Water to make	1 liter

		Temperature

Step	Time	°F	°C
1. Develop (Kodak special developer, SD-48)	5 min	75	24
2. Stop bath (Kodak stop bath SB-1)	15 sec	70–80	21–27
3. Rinse, running water	1 min	70–80	21–27
4. Bleach (Kodak bleach bath R-9)	3 min	70–80	21–27
5. Wash, running water	5 min	70–80	21–27
6. Stain removal (Kodak stain remover S-13, Solution A)	1 min	70–80	21–27
7. Clear (Kodak stain remover S-13, Solution B)	1 min	70–80	21–27
8. Wash, running water	5–10 min	70–80	21–27
9. Dry^a

Abstract

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Equations (10)

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