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Parametric downconversion is a nonlinear optical process in which three fields are involved: pump, signal, and idler. The signal and idler separately may have fairly large uncertainty of frequencies and momenta, but if one frequency or momentum is measured, the other one is known with certainty because of the phase matching conditions whose physical meanings are momentum and energy conservations. In addition, the signal and idler pair was also shown to "remember" the phase of the pump photon.
© 1997 Optical Society of America
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