Abstract

The vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) has emerged as one of the most promising diode laser structures because it facilitates wafer-scale fabrication and testing of potentially cost-effective 2-D laser arrays. VCSELs typically exhibit low threshold currents, single mode wavelengths and high coherence optical beams, which made them easy to couple with optical fibers and bulk optics. Moreover, novel functionality can be achieved with large 2-D VCSEL arrays, e.g., monolithic multiple wavelength laser arrays emitting hundreds of well-controlled independent wavelengths. In this talk, I will first review the VCSEL device design, fabrication, and characterization. The design and packaging considerations for 2-D VCSEL arrays will be described. The issues on integration of a VCSEL and other devices will be discussed. Finally, I will suggest some potential applications and directions for future developments.

© 1991 Optical Society of America