Abstract

Due to recent success in optical heterodyne transmission experiments there is increasing interest in high-performance phase modulators. We have, therefore, performed calculations on the optimum design of Ti-diffused LiNbO₃-waveguide modulators. We have considered traveling wave modulators in c- and y-cut crystals with symmetric and asymmetric coplanar electrodes (Fig. 1). As the calculations show that the asymmetric electrodes on c-cut crystals with TM-like excitation yield the best performance the results are given for this case.

© 1986 Optical Society of America