Abstract
Device-independent quantum communication protocols and certified generation of random numbers provide new perspectives for a secure key distribution. These protocols require a rigorous violation of Bell’s inequality, which is achieved by evaluating correlations between measurement results of two entangled particles under strict experimental conditions. Up to now, all experiments which violated Bell’s inequality failed to close at least one of two main loopholes, the detection or the locality loophole. The detection loophole results from the limited probability to detect both entangled particles, which forces the observer to introduce an additional fair sampling assumption. The locality loophole occurs when the measurements on the two particles take so long that their causal dependence can not be excluded. Thus, the requirements for a conclusive Bell test are a high detection efficiency of the measured particles together with space-like separation of the measurements.
© 2015 IEEE
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