Abstract
The coherence of a laser is fundamentally limited by spontaneous emission into the laser mode. This spontaneous emission noise leads to the Schawlow-Townes linewidth, corresponding to the well-known result that on average there is one noise photon in the lasing mode. Surprisingly, the effect of the quantum noise in the lasing mode can be much larger than this one noise photon, when the resonator modes of the laser cavity become significantly nonorthogonal. This enhancement is generally seen as having K noise photons in the laser mode.
© 1998 IEEE
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