Author Affiliations

Wenlong Tian,^1,2,* Giovanni Cirmi,^1,5 Carlota Canalias,³ Andrius Zukauskas,³ Lu Wang,^1,4 Halil T. Olgun,¹ Elias Kueny,¹ Anne-Laure Calendron,^1,5 Fabian Reichert,⁴ Kore Hasse,^5,6 Yi Hua,^1,5 Damian N. Schimpf,¹ Hüseyin Çankaya,^1,4,5 Mikhail Pergament,¹ Michael Hemmer,¹ Nicholas Matlis,¹ Valdas Pasiskevicius,³ Fredrik Laurell,³ and Franz X. Kartner^1,4,5

¹Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrafie 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany

²School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China

³Department of Applied Physics, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Roslagstullsbacken 21, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden

⁴Physics Department, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany

⁵The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany

⁶Institut für Laser-Physik, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany

^*Corresponding author: wenlong.tian@desy.de