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The design of wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) systems and optical networks is currently constrained by the limited bandwidth available from erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs). The usable bandwidth is limited to be less than 20 nm because of the highly structured gain spectrum. With gain equalization filters (GEFs), this gain bandwidth can be extended to between 35 and 40 nm. It is difficult to further increase the gain bandwidth withGEFs.
© 1998 IEEE
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