Abstract
In this tutorial we review basic ideas of quantum computing, from quantum bits and state entanglement to quantum gates and quantum networks [1]. In addition, we give an overview over possible physical implementations of quantum gates[2-6], with emphasis on quantum optical systems: this includes ion traps [2,3], and cavity QED in the optical and microwave domain [4-6], Fundamental problems of building quantum computers, in particular the decoherence problem, and error correction schemes for quantum memory elements [7] and quantum gates [8] will be discussed. We conclude with a critical evaluation what should be expected from quantum computing ideas in terms of applications in physics (quantum optics) and mathematics within the nest few years.
© 1996 IEEE
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