Abstract
The diffraction of electromagnetic waves from a periodic structure has been intensively investigated both in classical and conical (off-plane) diffraction mountings.1−3 In this paper, we present the multiple diffraction rings of a two-dimensional planar phase grating (so-called Dammann grating4) for the conical diffraction mounting and propose a simple method for measuring the unknown period of the grating as a possible application. Consider a unit amplitude plane wave incident on a two-dimensional (cross) surface-relief grating at a spherical angle (θ1,ϕ1), as illustrated in Fig. 1: where the components of the incident wave vector k1 are (αo, — ßo, —γoo) = kon1 (sinθ,cosϕ1, —sinθ1,sinϕ1, —cosθ1, ko is the wave vector in vacuum, and ni is the refractive index of regions 1 and 3.
© 1994 IEEE
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