Abstract

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides are considered promising materials for next-generation photonics and nano-optical devices. Although many previous reports have shown saturable absorption of molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2), these nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of MoSe2 were measured in separate works and under different conditions with their hot-carrier relaxations. Here, we conducted a series of coherent studies on the NLO properties of few-layer MoSe2 via open-aperture Z-scan and degenerate pump-probe techniques. These measurements were taken to test the materials’ capabilities as a slow-saturable absorber. A slow-absorber model was employed to analyze the NLO measurements, and the results show that the NLO modulation depth was modeled to be 7.4% and 15.1% for the linear absorption coefficients of 5.22  cm−1 and 6.51  cm−1, respectively. The corresponding saturated intensities were modeled to be 39.37  MW/cm2 and 234.75  MW/cm2, respectively. The excitation carrier recovery time of few-layer MoSe2 was measured by degenerate pump-probe techniques to be ∼220  ps. These nonlinear optical performances make it a promising slow-saturable absorber for passive mode locking in femtosecond lasers.

© 2018 Chinese Laser Press

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  1. K. Wang, Y. Feng, C. Chang, J. Zhan, C. Wang, Q. Zhao, J. N. Coleman, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Broadband ultrafast nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction of layered molybdenum dichalcogenide semiconductors,” Nanoscale 6, 10530–10535 (2014).
    [Crossref]
  2. P. Tonndorf, R. Schmidt, P. Böttger, X. Zhang, J. Börner, A. Liebig, M. Albrecht, C. Kloc, O. Gordan, and D. R. Zahn, “Photoluminescence emission and Raman response of monolayer MoS2, MoSe2, and WSe2,” Opt. Express 21, 4908–4916 (2013).
    [Crossref]
  3. S. Tongay, J. Zhou, C. Ataca, K. Lo, T. S. Matthews, J. Li, J. C. Grossman, and J. Wu, “Thermally driven crossover from indirect toward direct bandgap in 2D semiconductors: MoSe2 versus MoS2,” Nano Lett. 12, 5576–5580 (2012).
    [Crossref]
  4. G. Wang, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, L. Zhang, Y. Cheng, D. Fox, H. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Tunable nonlinear refractive index of two-dimensional MoS2, WS2, and MoSe2 nanosheet dispersions,” Photon. Res. 3, A51–A55 (2015).
    [Crossref]
  5. Z. Luo, D. Wu, B. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Cai, J. Peng, J. Weng, S. Xu, C. Zhu, and F. Wang, “Two-dimensional material-based saturable absorbers: towards compact visible-wavelength all-fiber pulsed lasers,” Nanoscale 8, 1066–1072 (2016).
    [Crossref]
  6. R. Sharma, J. Aneesh, R. K. Yadav, S. Sanda, A. Barik, A. K. Mishra, T. K. Maji, D. Karmakar, and K. Adarsh, “Strong interlayer coupling mediated giant two-photon absorption in MoSe2/graphene oxide heterostructure: quenching of exciton bands,” Phys. Rev. B 93, 155433 (2016).
    [Crossref]
  7. J. R. Schaibley, T. Karin, H. Yu, J. S. Ross, P. Rivera, A. M. Jones, M. E. Scott, J. Yan, D. Mandrus, and W. Yao, “Population pulsation resonances of excitons in monolayer MoSe2 with sub-1  μeV linewidths,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 137402 (2015).
    [Crossref]
  8. N. Dong, Y. Li, Y. Feng, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, C. Chang, J. Fan, L. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Optical limiting and theoretical modelling of layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets,” Sci. Rep. 5, 14646 (2015).
    [Crossref]
  9. J. Koo, J. Park, J. Lee, Y. M. Jhon, and J. H. Lee, “Femtosecond harmonic mode-locking of a fiber laser at 3.27  GHz using a bulk-like, MoSe2-based saturable absorber,” Opt. Express 24, 10575–10589 (2016).
    [Crossref]
  10. G. Wang, K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, A. A. Baker-Murray, J. J. Wang, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of a graphene saturable mirror in the 2  μm wavelength region,” Laser Photon. Rev. 11, 1700166 (2017).
    [Crossref]
  11. N. Kumar, Q. Cui, F. Ceballos, D. He, Y. Wang, and H. Zhao, “Exciton-exciton annihilation in MoSe2 monolayers,” Phys. Rev. B 89, 125427 (2014).
    [Crossref]
  12. F. Gao, Y. Gong, M. Titze, R. Almeida, P. M. Ajayan, and H. Li, “Valley trion dynamics in monolayer MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. B 94, 245413 (2016).
    [Crossref]
  13. A. Singh, G. Moody, S. Wu, Y. Wu, N. J. Ghimire, J. Yan, D. G. Mandrus, X. Xu, and X. Li, “Coherent electronic coupling in atomically thin MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 216804 (2014).
    [Crossref]
  14. J. N. Coleman, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, S. D. Bergin, P. J. King, U. Khan, K. Young, A. Gaucher, S. De, and R. J. Smith, “Two-dimensional nanosheets produced by liquid exfoliation of layered materials,” Science 331, 568–571 (2011).
    [Crossref]
  15. Y. Ding, Y. Wang, J. Ni, L. Shi, S. Shi, and W. Tang, “First principles study of structural, vibrational and electronic properties of graphene-like MX2 (M = Mo, Nb, W, Ta; X = S, Se, Te) monolayers,” Physica B 406, 2254–2260 (2011).
    [Crossref]
  16. J. C. Shaw, H. Zhou, Y. Chen, N. O. Weiss, Y. Liu, Y. Huang, and X. Duan, “Chemical vapor deposition growth of monolayer MoSe2 nanosheets,” Nano Res. 7, 511–517 (2014).
    [Crossref]
  17. Q. Bao, H. Zhang, Y. Wang, Z. Ni, Y. Yan, Z. X. Shen, K. P. Loh, and D. Y. Tang, “Atomic-layer graphene as a saturable absorber for ultrafast pulsed lasers,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 3077–3083 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  18. Y. Feng, N. Dong, G. Wang, Y. Li, S. Zhang, K. Wang, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Saturable absorption behavior of free-standing graphene polymer composite films over broad wavelength and time ranges,” Opt. Express 23, 559–569 (2015).
    [Crossref]
  19. K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, G. Wang, X. Zhang, J. J. Wang, J. J. Magan, L. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear excitation dynamics of black phosphorus nanosheets from visible to mid-infrared,” ACS Nano 10, 6923–6932 (2016).
    [Crossref]
  20. K. Wang, J. Wang, J. Fan, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, D. Fox, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, B. Jiang, and Q. Zhao, “Ultrafast saturable absorption of two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets,” ACS Nano 7, 9260–9267 (2013).
    [Crossref]
  21. C. Luo, Y. Wang, F. Chen, H. Shih, and T. Kobayashi, “Eliminate coherence spike in reflection-type pump-probe measurements,” Opt. Express 17, 11321–11327 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  22. Z. Nie, C. Trovatello, E. A. Pogna, S. Dal Conte, P. B. Miranda, E. Kelleher, C. Zhu, I. C. E. Turcu, Y. Xu, and K. Liu, “Broadband nonlinear optical response of monolayer MoSe2 under ultrafast excitation,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 112, 031108 (2018).
    [Crossref]
  23. C. Trovatello, Z. Nie, E. A. A. Pogna, S. D. Conte, P. Miranda, G. Cerullo, and F. Wang, “Ultrafast characterization of saturable absorption in monolayer MoSe2,” in Graphene, Barcelona, Spain (2017).
  24. Z. Burshtein, P. Blau, Y. Kalisky, Y. Shimony, and M. Kikta, “Excited-state absorption studies of Cr4+ ions in several garnet host crystals,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34, 292–299 (1998).
    [Crossref]
  25. J. Huang, N. Dong, S. Zhang, Z. Sun, W. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Nonlinear absorption induced transparency and optical limiting of black phosphorus nanosheets,” ACS Photon. 4, 3063–3070 (2017).
    [Crossref]

2018 (1)

Z. Nie, C. Trovatello, E. A. Pogna, S. Dal Conte, P. B. Miranda, E. Kelleher, C. Zhu, I. C. E. Turcu, Y. Xu, and K. Liu, “Broadband nonlinear optical response of monolayer MoSe2 under ultrafast excitation,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 112, 031108 (2018).
[Crossref]

2017 (2)

J. Huang, N. Dong, S. Zhang, Z. Sun, W. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Nonlinear absorption induced transparency and optical limiting of black phosphorus nanosheets,” ACS Photon. 4, 3063–3070 (2017).
[Crossref]

G. Wang, K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, A. A. Baker-Murray, J. J. Wang, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of a graphene saturable mirror in the 2  μm wavelength region,” Laser Photon. Rev. 11, 1700166 (2017).
[Crossref]

2016 (5)

Z. Luo, D. Wu, B. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Cai, J. Peng, J. Weng, S. Xu, C. Zhu, and F. Wang, “Two-dimensional material-based saturable absorbers: towards compact visible-wavelength all-fiber pulsed lasers,” Nanoscale 8, 1066–1072 (2016).
[Crossref]

R. Sharma, J. Aneesh, R. K. Yadav, S. Sanda, A. Barik, A. K. Mishra, T. K. Maji, D. Karmakar, and K. Adarsh, “Strong interlayer coupling mediated giant two-photon absorption in MoSe2/graphene oxide heterostructure: quenching of exciton bands,” Phys. Rev. B 93, 155433 (2016).
[Crossref]

F. Gao, Y. Gong, M. Titze, R. Almeida, P. M. Ajayan, and H. Li, “Valley trion dynamics in monolayer MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. B 94, 245413 (2016).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, G. Wang, X. Zhang, J. J. Wang, J. J. Magan, L. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear excitation dynamics of black phosphorus nanosheets from visible to mid-infrared,” ACS Nano 10, 6923–6932 (2016).
[Crossref]

J. Koo, J. Park, J. Lee, Y. M. Jhon, and J. H. Lee, “Femtosecond harmonic mode-locking of a fiber laser at 3.27  GHz using a bulk-like, MoSe2-based saturable absorber,” Opt. Express 24, 10575–10589 (2016).
[Crossref]

2015 (4)

Y. Feng, N. Dong, G. Wang, Y. Li, S. Zhang, K. Wang, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Saturable absorption behavior of free-standing graphene polymer composite films over broad wavelength and time ranges,” Opt. Express 23, 559–569 (2015).
[Crossref]

G. Wang, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, L. Zhang, Y. Cheng, D. Fox, H. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Tunable nonlinear refractive index of two-dimensional MoS2, WS2, and MoSe2 nanosheet dispersions,” Photon. Res. 3, A51–A55 (2015).
[Crossref]

J. R. Schaibley, T. Karin, H. Yu, J. S. Ross, P. Rivera, A. M. Jones, M. E. Scott, J. Yan, D. Mandrus, and W. Yao, “Population pulsation resonances of excitons in monolayer MoSe2 with sub-1  μeV linewidths,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 137402 (2015).
[Crossref]

N. Dong, Y. Li, Y. Feng, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, C. Chang, J. Fan, L. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Optical limiting and theoretical modelling of layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets,” Sci. Rep. 5, 14646 (2015).
[Crossref]

2014 (4)

N. Kumar, Q. Cui, F. Ceballos, D. He, Y. Wang, and H. Zhao, “Exciton-exciton annihilation in MoSe2 monolayers,” Phys. Rev. B 89, 125427 (2014).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, Y. Feng, C. Chang, J. Zhan, C. Wang, Q. Zhao, J. N. Coleman, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Broadband ultrafast nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction of layered molybdenum dichalcogenide semiconductors,” Nanoscale 6, 10530–10535 (2014).
[Crossref]

J. C. Shaw, H. Zhou, Y. Chen, N. O. Weiss, Y. Liu, Y. Huang, and X. Duan, “Chemical vapor deposition growth of monolayer MoSe2 nanosheets,” Nano Res. 7, 511–517 (2014).
[Crossref]

A. Singh, G. Moody, S. Wu, Y. Wu, N. J. Ghimire, J. Yan, D. G. Mandrus, X. Xu, and X. Li, “Coherent electronic coupling in atomically thin MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 216804 (2014).
[Crossref]

2013 (2)

K. Wang, J. Wang, J. Fan, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, D. Fox, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, B. Jiang, and Q. Zhao, “Ultrafast saturable absorption of two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets,” ACS Nano 7, 9260–9267 (2013).
[Crossref]

P. Tonndorf, R. Schmidt, P. Böttger, X. Zhang, J. Börner, A. Liebig, M. Albrecht, C. Kloc, O. Gordan, and D. R. Zahn, “Photoluminescence emission and Raman response of monolayer MoS2, MoSe2, and WSe2,” Opt. Express 21, 4908–4916 (2013).
[Crossref]

2012 (1)

S. Tongay, J. Zhou, C. Ataca, K. Lo, T. S. Matthews, J. Li, J. C. Grossman, and J. Wu, “Thermally driven crossover from indirect toward direct bandgap in 2D semiconductors: MoSe2 versus MoS2,” Nano Lett. 12, 5576–5580 (2012).
[Crossref]

2011 (2)

J. N. Coleman, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, S. D. Bergin, P. J. King, U. Khan, K. Young, A. Gaucher, S. De, and R. J. Smith, “Two-dimensional nanosheets produced by liquid exfoliation of layered materials,” Science 331, 568–571 (2011).
[Crossref]

Y. Ding, Y. Wang, J. Ni, L. Shi, S. Shi, and W. Tang, “First principles study of structural, vibrational and electronic properties of graphene-like MX2 (M = Mo, Nb, W, Ta; X = S, Se, Te) monolayers,” Physica B 406, 2254–2260 (2011).
[Crossref]

2009 (2)

Q. Bao, H. Zhang, Y. Wang, Z. Ni, Y. Yan, Z. X. Shen, K. P. Loh, and D. Y. Tang, “Atomic-layer graphene as a saturable absorber for ultrafast pulsed lasers,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 3077–3083 (2009).
[Crossref]

C. Luo, Y. Wang, F. Chen, H. Shih, and T. Kobayashi, “Eliminate coherence spike in reflection-type pump-probe measurements,” Opt. Express 17, 11321–11327 (2009).
[Crossref]

1998 (1)

Z. Burshtein, P. Blau, Y. Kalisky, Y. Shimony, and M. Kikta, “Excited-state absorption studies of Cr4+ ions in several garnet host crystals,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34, 292–299 (1998).
[Crossref]

Adarsh, K.

R. Sharma, J. Aneesh, R. K. Yadav, S. Sanda, A. Barik, A. K. Mishra, T. K. Maji, D. Karmakar, and K. Adarsh, “Strong interlayer coupling mediated giant two-photon absorption in MoSe2/graphene oxide heterostructure: quenching of exciton bands,” Phys. Rev. B 93, 155433 (2016).
[Crossref]

Ajayan, P. M.

F. Gao, Y. Gong, M. Titze, R. Almeida, P. M. Ajayan, and H. Li, “Valley trion dynamics in monolayer MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. B 94, 245413 (2016).
[Crossref]

Albrecht, M.

Almeida, R.

F. Gao, Y. Gong, M. Titze, R. Almeida, P. M. Ajayan, and H. Li, “Valley trion dynamics in monolayer MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. B 94, 245413 (2016).
[Crossref]

Aneesh, J.

R. Sharma, J. Aneesh, R. K. Yadav, S. Sanda, A. Barik, A. K. Mishra, T. K. Maji, D. Karmakar, and K. Adarsh, “Strong interlayer coupling mediated giant two-photon absorption in MoSe2/graphene oxide heterostructure: quenching of exciton bands,” Phys. Rev. B 93, 155433 (2016).
[Crossref]

Ataca, C.

S. Tongay, J. Zhou, C. Ataca, K. Lo, T. S. Matthews, J. Li, J. C. Grossman, and J. Wu, “Thermally driven crossover from indirect toward direct bandgap in 2D semiconductors: MoSe2 versus MoS2,” Nano Lett. 12, 5576–5580 (2012).
[Crossref]

Baker-Murray, A. A.

G. Wang, K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, A. A. Baker-Murray, J. J. Wang, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of a graphene saturable mirror in the 2  μm wavelength region,” Laser Photon. Rev. 11, 1700166 (2017).
[Crossref]

Bao, Q.

Q. Bao, H. Zhang, Y. Wang, Z. Ni, Y. Yan, Z. X. Shen, K. P. Loh, and D. Y. Tang, “Atomic-layer graphene as a saturable absorber for ultrafast pulsed lasers,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 3077–3083 (2009).
[Crossref]

Barik, A.

R. Sharma, J. Aneesh, R. K. Yadav, S. Sanda, A. Barik, A. K. Mishra, T. K. Maji, D. Karmakar, and K. Adarsh, “Strong interlayer coupling mediated giant two-photon absorption in MoSe2/graphene oxide heterostructure: quenching of exciton bands,” Phys. Rev. B 93, 155433 (2016).
[Crossref]

Bergin, S. D.

J. N. Coleman, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, S. D. Bergin, P. J. King, U. Khan, K. Young, A. Gaucher, S. De, and R. J. Smith, “Two-dimensional nanosheets produced by liquid exfoliation of layered materials,” Science 331, 568–571 (2011).
[Crossref]

Blau, P.

Z. Burshtein, P. Blau, Y. Kalisky, Y. Shimony, and M. Kikta, “Excited-state absorption studies of Cr4+ ions in several garnet host crystals,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34, 292–299 (1998).
[Crossref]

Blau, W. J.

G. Wang, K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, A. A. Baker-Murray, J. J. Wang, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of a graphene saturable mirror in the 2  μm wavelength region,” Laser Photon. Rev. 11, 1700166 (2017).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, G. Wang, X. Zhang, J. J. Wang, J. J. Magan, L. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear excitation dynamics of black phosphorus nanosheets from visible to mid-infrared,” ACS Nano 10, 6923–6932 (2016).
[Crossref]

G. Wang, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, L. Zhang, Y. Cheng, D. Fox, H. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Tunable nonlinear refractive index of two-dimensional MoS2, WS2, and MoSe2 nanosheet dispersions,” Photon. Res. 3, A51–A55 (2015).
[Crossref]

Y. Feng, N. Dong, G. Wang, Y. Li, S. Zhang, K. Wang, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Saturable absorption behavior of free-standing graphene polymer composite films over broad wavelength and time ranges,” Opt. Express 23, 559–569 (2015).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, Y. Feng, C. Chang, J. Zhan, C. Wang, Q. Zhao, J. N. Coleman, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Broadband ultrafast nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction of layered molybdenum dichalcogenide semiconductors,” Nanoscale 6, 10530–10535 (2014).
[Crossref]

Börner, J.

Böttger, P.

Burshtein, Z.

Z. Burshtein, P. Blau, Y. Kalisky, Y. Shimony, and M. Kikta, “Excited-state absorption studies of Cr4+ ions in several garnet host crystals,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34, 292–299 (1998).
[Crossref]

Cai, Z.

Z. Luo, D. Wu, B. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Cai, J. Peng, J. Weng, S. Xu, C. Zhu, and F. Wang, “Two-dimensional material-based saturable absorbers: towards compact visible-wavelength all-fiber pulsed lasers,” Nanoscale 8, 1066–1072 (2016).
[Crossref]

Ceballos, F.

N. Kumar, Q. Cui, F. Ceballos, D. He, Y. Wang, and H. Zhao, “Exciton-exciton annihilation in MoSe2 monolayers,” Phys. Rev. B 89, 125427 (2014).
[Crossref]

Cerullo, G.

C. Trovatello, Z. Nie, E. A. A. Pogna, S. D. Conte, P. Miranda, G. Cerullo, and F. Wang, “Ultrafast characterization of saturable absorption in monolayer MoSe2,” in Graphene, Barcelona, Spain (2017).

Chang, C.

N. Dong, Y. Li, Y. Feng, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, C. Chang, J. Fan, L. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Optical limiting and theoretical modelling of layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets,” Sci. Rep. 5, 14646 (2015).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, Y. Feng, C. Chang, J. Zhan, C. Wang, Q. Zhao, J. N. Coleman, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Broadband ultrafast nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction of layered molybdenum dichalcogenide semiconductors,” Nanoscale 6, 10530–10535 (2014).
[Crossref]

Chen, F.

Chen, Y.

J. C. Shaw, H. Zhou, Y. Chen, N. O. Weiss, Y. Liu, Y. Huang, and X. Duan, “Chemical vapor deposition growth of monolayer MoSe2 nanosheets,” Nano Res. 7, 511–517 (2014).
[Crossref]

Cheng, Y.

Coleman, J. N.

K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, G. Wang, X. Zhang, J. J. Wang, J. J. Magan, L. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear excitation dynamics of black phosphorus nanosheets from visible to mid-infrared,” ACS Nano 10, 6923–6932 (2016).
[Crossref]

G. Wang, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, L. Zhang, Y. Cheng, D. Fox, H. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Tunable nonlinear refractive index of two-dimensional MoS2, WS2, and MoSe2 nanosheet dispersions,” Photon. Res. 3, A51–A55 (2015).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, Y. Feng, C. Chang, J. Zhan, C. Wang, Q. Zhao, J. N. Coleman, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Broadband ultrafast nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction of layered molybdenum dichalcogenide semiconductors,” Nanoscale 6, 10530–10535 (2014).
[Crossref]

J. N. Coleman, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, S. D. Bergin, P. J. King, U. Khan, K. Young, A. Gaucher, S. De, and R. J. Smith, “Two-dimensional nanosheets produced by liquid exfoliation of layered materials,” Science 331, 568–571 (2011).
[Crossref]

Conte, S. D.

C. Trovatello, Z. Nie, E. A. A. Pogna, S. D. Conte, P. Miranda, G. Cerullo, and F. Wang, “Ultrafast characterization of saturable absorption in monolayer MoSe2,” in Graphene, Barcelona, Spain (2017).

Cui, Q.

N. Kumar, Q. Cui, F. Ceballos, D. He, Y. Wang, and H. Zhao, “Exciton-exciton annihilation in MoSe2 monolayers,” Phys. Rev. B 89, 125427 (2014).
[Crossref]

Dal Conte, S.

Z. Nie, C. Trovatello, E. A. Pogna, S. Dal Conte, P. B. Miranda, E. Kelleher, C. Zhu, I. C. E. Turcu, Y. Xu, and K. Liu, “Broadband nonlinear optical response of monolayer MoSe2 under ultrafast excitation,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 112, 031108 (2018).
[Crossref]

De, S.

J. N. Coleman, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, S. D. Bergin, P. J. King, U. Khan, K. Young, A. Gaucher, S. De, and R. J. Smith, “Two-dimensional nanosheets produced by liquid exfoliation of layered materials,” Science 331, 568–571 (2011).
[Crossref]

Ding, Y.

Y. Ding, Y. Wang, J. Ni, L. Shi, S. Shi, and W. Tang, “First principles study of structural, vibrational and electronic properties of graphene-like MX2 (M = Mo, Nb, W, Ta; X = S, Se, Te) monolayers,” Physica B 406, 2254–2260 (2011).
[Crossref]

Dong, N.

J. Huang, N. Dong, S. Zhang, Z. Sun, W. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Nonlinear absorption induced transparency and optical limiting of black phosphorus nanosheets,” ACS Photon. 4, 3063–3070 (2017).
[Crossref]

N. Dong, Y. Li, Y. Feng, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, C. Chang, J. Fan, L. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Optical limiting and theoretical modelling of layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets,” Sci. Rep. 5, 14646 (2015).
[Crossref]

Y. Feng, N. Dong, G. Wang, Y. Li, S. Zhang, K. Wang, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Saturable absorption behavior of free-standing graphene polymer composite films over broad wavelength and time ranges,” Opt. Express 23, 559–569 (2015).
[Crossref]

Duan, X.

J. C. Shaw, H. Zhou, Y. Chen, N. O. Weiss, Y. Liu, Y. Huang, and X. Duan, “Chemical vapor deposition growth of monolayer MoSe2 nanosheets,” Nano Res. 7, 511–517 (2014).
[Crossref]

Fan, J.

N. Dong, Y. Li, Y. Feng, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, C. Chang, J. Fan, L. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Optical limiting and theoretical modelling of layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets,” Sci. Rep. 5, 14646 (2015).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, J. Wang, J. Fan, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, D. Fox, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, B. Jiang, and Q. Zhao, “Ultrafast saturable absorption of two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets,” ACS Nano 7, 9260–9267 (2013).
[Crossref]

Feng, Y.

G. Wang, K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, A. A. Baker-Murray, J. J. Wang, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of a graphene saturable mirror in the 2  μm wavelength region,” Laser Photon. Rev. 11, 1700166 (2017).
[Crossref]

Y. Feng, N. Dong, G. Wang, Y. Li, S. Zhang, K. Wang, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Saturable absorption behavior of free-standing graphene polymer composite films over broad wavelength and time ranges,” Opt. Express 23, 559–569 (2015).
[Crossref]

N. Dong, Y. Li, Y. Feng, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, C. Chang, J. Fan, L. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Optical limiting and theoretical modelling of layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets,” Sci. Rep. 5, 14646 (2015).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, Y. Feng, C. Chang, J. Zhan, C. Wang, Q. Zhao, J. N. Coleman, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Broadband ultrafast nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction of layered molybdenum dichalcogenide semiconductors,” Nanoscale 6, 10530–10535 (2014).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, J. Wang, J. Fan, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, D. Fox, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, B. Jiang, and Q. Zhao, “Ultrafast saturable absorption of two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets,” ACS Nano 7, 9260–9267 (2013).
[Crossref]

Fox, D.

G. Wang, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, L. Zhang, Y. Cheng, D. Fox, H. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Tunable nonlinear refractive index of two-dimensional MoS2, WS2, and MoSe2 nanosheet dispersions,” Photon. Res. 3, A51–A55 (2015).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, J. Wang, J. Fan, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, D. Fox, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, B. Jiang, and Q. Zhao, “Ultrafast saturable absorption of two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets,” ACS Nano 7, 9260–9267 (2013).
[Crossref]

Gao, F.

F. Gao, Y. Gong, M. Titze, R. Almeida, P. M. Ajayan, and H. Li, “Valley trion dynamics in monolayer MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. B 94, 245413 (2016).
[Crossref]

Gaucher, A.

J. N. Coleman, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, S. D. Bergin, P. J. King, U. Khan, K. Young, A. Gaucher, S. De, and R. J. Smith, “Two-dimensional nanosheets produced by liquid exfoliation of layered materials,” Science 331, 568–571 (2011).
[Crossref]

Ghimire, N. J.

A. Singh, G. Moody, S. Wu, Y. Wu, N. J. Ghimire, J. Yan, D. G. Mandrus, X. Xu, and X. Li, “Coherent electronic coupling in atomically thin MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 216804 (2014).
[Crossref]

Gong, Y.

F. Gao, Y. Gong, M. Titze, R. Almeida, P. M. Ajayan, and H. Li, “Valley trion dynamics in monolayer MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. B 94, 245413 (2016).
[Crossref]

Gordan, O.

Grossman, J. C.

S. Tongay, J. Zhou, C. Ataca, K. Lo, T. S. Matthews, J. Li, J. C. Grossman, and J. Wu, “Thermally driven crossover from indirect toward direct bandgap in 2D semiconductors: MoSe2 versus MoS2,” Nano Lett. 12, 5576–5580 (2012).
[Crossref]

He, D.

N. Kumar, Q. Cui, F. Ceballos, D. He, Y. Wang, and H. Zhao, “Exciton-exciton annihilation in MoSe2 monolayers,” Phys. Rev. B 89, 125427 (2014).
[Crossref]

Huang, J.

J. Huang, N. Dong, S. Zhang, Z. Sun, W. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Nonlinear absorption induced transparency and optical limiting of black phosphorus nanosheets,” ACS Photon. 4, 3063–3070 (2017).
[Crossref]

Huang, Y.

J. C. Shaw, H. Zhou, Y. Chen, N. O. Weiss, Y. Liu, Y. Huang, and X. Duan, “Chemical vapor deposition growth of monolayer MoSe2 nanosheets,” Nano Res. 7, 511–517 (2014).
[Crossref]

Jhon, Y. M.

Jiang, B.

K. Wang, J. Wang, J. Fan, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, D. Fox, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, B. Jiang, and Q. Zhao, “Ultrafast saturable absorption of two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets,” ACS Nano 7, 9260–9267 (2013).
[Crossref]

Jones, A. M.

J. R. Schaibley, T. Karin, H. Yu, J. S. Ross, P. Rivera, A. M. Jones, M. E. Scott, J. Yan, D. Mandrus, and W. Yao, “Population pulsation resonances of excitons in monolayer MoSe2 with sub-1  μeV linewidths,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 137402 (2015).
[Crossref]

Kalisky, Y.

Z. Burshtein, P. Blau, Y. Kalisky, Y. Shimony, and M. Kikta, “Excited-state absorption studies of Cr4+ ions in several garnet host crystals,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34, 292–299 (1998).
[Crossref]

Karin, T.

J. R. Schaibley, T. Karin, H. Yu, J. S. Ross, P. Rivera, A. M. Jones, M. E. Scott, J. Yan, D. Mandrus, and W. Yao, “Population pulsation resonances of excitons in monolayer MoSe2 with sub-1  μeV linewidths,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 137402 (2015).
[Crossref]

Karmakar, D.

R. Sharma, J. Aneesh, R. K. Yadav, S. Sanda, A. Barik, A. K. Mishra, T. K. Maji, D. Karmakar, and K. Adarsh, “Strong interlayer coupling mediated giant two-photon absorption in MoSe2/graphene oxide heterostructure: quenching of exciton bands,” Phys. Rev. B 93, 155433 (2016).
[Crossref]

Kelleher, E.

Z. Nie, C. Trovatello, E. A. Pogna, S. Dal Conte, P. B. Miranda, E. Kelleher, C. Zhu, I. C. E. Turcu, Y. Xu, and K. Liu, “Broadband nonlinear optical response of monolayer MoSe2 under ultrafast excitation,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 112, 031108 (2018).
[Crossref]

Khan, U.

J. N. Coleman, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, S. D. Bergin, P. J. King, U. Khan, K. Young, A. Gaucher, S. De, and R. J. Smith, “Two-dimensional nanosheets produced by liquid exfoliation of layered materials,” Science 331, 568–571 (2011).
[Crossref]

Kikta, M.

Z. Burshtein, P. Blau, Y. Kalisky, Y. Shimony, and M. Kikta, “Excited-state absorption studies of Cr4+ ions in several garnet host crystals,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34, 292–299 (1998).
[Crossref]

King, P. J.

J. N. Coleman, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, S. D. Bergin, P. J. King, U. Khan, K. Young, A. Gaucher, S. De, and R. J. Smith, “Two-dimensional nanosheets produced by liquid exfoliation of layered materials,” Science 331, 568–571 (2011).
[Crossref]

Kloc, C.

Kobayashi, T.

Koo, J.

Kumar, N.

N. Kumar, Q. Cui, F. Ceballos, D. He, Y. Wang, and H. Zhao, “Exciton-exciton annihilation in MoSe2 monolayers,” Phys. Rev. B 89, 125427 (2014).
[Crossref]

Lee, J.

Lee, J. H.

Li, H.

F. Gao, Y. Gong, M. Titze, R. Almeida, P. M. Ajayan, and H. Li, “Valley trion dynamics in monolayer MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. B 94, 245413 (2016).
[Crossref]

Li, J.

S. Tongay, J. Zhou, C. Ataca, K. Lo, T. S. Matthews, J. Li, J. C. Grossman, and J. Wu, “Thermally driven crossover from indirect toward direct bandgap in 2D semiconductors: MoSe2 versus MoS2,” Nano Lett. 12, 5576–5580 (2012).
[Crossref]

Li, X.

A. Singh, G. Moody, S. Wu, Y. Wu, N. J. Ghimire, J. Yan, D. G. Mandrus, X. Xu, and X. Li, “Coherent electronic coupling in atomically thin MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 216804 (2014).
[Crossref]

Li, Y.

Y. Feng, N. Dong, G. Wang, Y. Li, S. Zhang, K. Wang, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Saturable absorption behavior of free-standing graphene polymer composite films over broad wavelength and time ranges,” Opt. Express 23, 559–569 (2015).
[Crossref]

N. Dong, Y. Li, Y. Feng, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, C. Chang, J. Fan, L. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Optical limiting and theoretical modelling of layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets,” Sci. Rep. 5, 14646 (2015).
[Crossref]

Liebig, A.

Liu, K.

Z. Nie, C. Trovatello, E. A. Pogna, S. Dal Conte, P. B. Miranda, E. Kelleher, C. Zhu, I. C. E. Turcu, Y. Xu, and K. Liu, “Broadband nonlinear optical response of monolayer MoSe2 under ultrafast excitation,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 112, 031108 (2018).
[Crossref]

Liu, Y.

J. C. Shaw, H. Zhou, Y. Chen, N. O. Weiss, Y. Liu, Y. Huang, and X. Duan, “Chemical vapor deposition growth of monolayer MoSe2 nanosheets,” Nano Res. 7, 511–517 (2014).
[Crossref]

Lo, K.

S. Tongay, J. Zhou, C. Ataca, K. Lo, T. S. Matthews, J. Li, J. C. Grossman, and J. Wu, “Thermally driven crossover from indirect toward direct bandgap in 2D semiconductors: MoSe2 versus MoS2,” Nano Lett. 12, 5576–5580 (2012).
[Crossref]

Loh, K. P.

Q. Bao, H. Zhang, Y. Wang, Z. Ni, Y. Yan, Z. X. Shen, K. P. Loh, and D. Y. Tang, “Atomic-layer graphene as a saturable absorber for ultrafast pulsed lasers,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 3077–3083 (2009).
[Crossref]

Lotya, M.

K. Wang, J. Wang, J. Fan, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, D. Fox, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, B. Jiang, and Q. Zhao, “Ultrafast saturable absorption of two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets,” ACS Nano 7, 9260–9267 (2013).
[Crossref]

J. N. Coleman, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, S. D. Bergin, P. J. King, U. Khan, K. Young, A. Gaucher, S. De, and R. J. Smith, “Two-dimensional nanosheets produced by liquid exfoliation of layered materials,” Science 331, 568–571 (2011).
[Crossref]

Luo, C.

Luo, Z.

Z. Luo, D. Wu, B. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Cai, J. Peng, J. Weng, S. Xu, C. Zhu, and F. Wang, “Two-dimensional material-based saturable absorbers: towards compact visible-wavelength all-fiber pulsed lasers,” Nanoscale 8, 1066–1072 (2016).
[Crossref]

Magan, J. J.

K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, G. Wang, X. Zhang, J. J. Wang, J. J. Magan, L. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear excitation dynamics of black phosphorus nanosheets from visible to mid-infrared,” ACS Nano 10, 6923–6932 (2016).
[Crossref]

Maji, T. K.

R. Sharma, J. Aneesh, R. K. Yadav, S. Sanda, A. Barik, A. K. Mishra, T. K. Maji, D. Karmakar, and K. Adarsh, “Strong interlayer coupling mediated giant two-photon absorption in MoSe2/graphene oxide heterostructure: quenching of exciton bands,” Phys. Rev. B 93, 155433 (2016).
[Crossref]

Mandrus, D.

J. R. Schaibley, T. Karin, H. Yu, J. S. Ross, P. Rivera, A. M. Jones, M. E. Scott, J. Yan, D. Mandrus, and W. Yao, “Population pulsation resonances of excitons in monolayer MoSe2 with sub-1  μeV linewidths,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 137402 (2015).
[Crossref]

Mandrus, D. G.

A. Singh, G. Moody, S. Wu, Y. Wu, N. J. Ghimire, J. Yan, D. G. Mandrus, X. Xu, and X. Li, “Coherent electronic coupling in atomically thin MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 216804 (2014).
[Crossref]

Matthews, T. S.

S. Tongay, J. Zhou, C. Ataca, K. Lo, T. S. Matthews, J. Li, J. C. Grossman, and J. Wu, “Thermally driven crossover from indirect toward direct bandgap in 2D semiconductors: MoSe2 versus MoS2,” Nano Lett. 12, 5576–5580 (2012).
[Crossref]

Miranda, P.

C. Trovatello, Z. Nie, E. A. A. Pogna, S. D. Conte, P. Miranda, G. Cerullo, and F. Wang, “Ultrafast characterization of saturable absorption in monolayer MoSe2,” in Graphene, Barcelona, Spain (2017).

Miranda, P. B.

Z. Nie, C. Trovatello, E. A. Pogna, S. Dal Conte, P. B. Miranda, E. Kelleher, C. Zhu, I. C. E. Turcu, Y. Xu, and K. Liu, “Broadband nonlinear optical response of monolayer MoSe2 under ultrafast excitation,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 112, 031108 (2018).
[Crossref]

Mishra, A. K.

R. Sharma, J. Aneesh, R. K. Yadav, S. Sanda, A. Barik, A. K. Mishra, T. K. Maji, D. Karmakar, and K. Adarsh, “Strong interlayer coupling mediated giant two-photon absorption in MoSe2/graphene oxide heterostructure: quenching of exciton bands,” Phys. Rev. B 93, 155433 (2016).
[Crossref]

Moody, G.

A. Singh, G. Moody, S. Wu, Y. Wu, N. J. Ghimire, J. Yan, D. G. Mandrus, X. Xu, and X. Li, “Coherent electronic coupling in atomically thin MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 216804 (2014).
[Crossref]

Ni, J.

Y. Ding, Y. Wang, J. Ni, L. Shi, S. Shi, and W. Tang, “First principles study of structural, vibrational and electronic properties of graphene-like MX2 (M = Mo, Nb, W, Ta; X = S, Se, Te) monolayers,” Physica B 406, 2254–2260 (2011).
[Crossref]

Ni, Z.

Q. Bao, H. Zhang, Y. Wang, Z. Ni, Y. Yan, Z. X. Shen, K. P. Loh, and D. Y. Tang, “Atomic-layer graphene as a saturable absorber for ultrafast pulsed lasers,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 3077–3083 (2009).
[Crossref]

Nie, Z.

Z. Nie, C. Trovatello, E. A. Pogna, S. Dal Conte, P. B. Miranda, E. Kelleher, C. Zhu, I. C. E. Turcu, Y. Xu, and K. Liu, “Broadband nonlinear optical response of monolayer MoSe2 under ultrafast excitation,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 112, 031108 (2018).
[Crossref]

C. Trovatello, Z. Nie, E. A. A. Pogna, S. D. Conte, P. Miranda, G. Cerullo, and F. Wang, “Ultrafast characterization of saturable absorption in monolayer MoSe2,” in Graphene, Barcelona, Spain (2017).

O’Neill, A.

K. Wang, J. Wang, J. Fan, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, D. Fox, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, B. Jiang, and Q. Zhao, “Ultrafast saturable absorption of two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets,” ACS Nano 7, 9260–9267 (2013).
[Crossref]

J. N. Coleman, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, S. D. Bergin, P. J. King, U. Khan, K. Young, A. Gaucher, S. De, and R. J. Smith, “Two-dimensional nanosheets produced by liquid exfoliation of layered materials,” Science 331, 568–571 (2011).
[Crossref]

Park, J.

Peng, J.

Z. Luo, D. Wu, B. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Cai, J. Peng, J. Weng, S. Xu, C. Zhu, and F. Wang, “Two-dimensional material-based saturable absorbers: towards compact visible-wavelength all-fiber pulsed lasers,” Nanoscale 8, 1066–1072 (2016).
[Crossref]

Pogna, E. A.

Z. Nie, C. Trovatello, E. A. Pogna, S. Dal Conte, P. B. Miranda, E. Kelleher, C. Zhu, I. C. E. Turcu, Y. Xu, and K. Liu, “Broadband nonlinear optical response of monolayer MoSe2 under ultrafast excitation,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 112, 031108 (2018).
[Crossref]

Pogna, E. A. A.

C. Trovatello, Z. Nie, E. A. A. Pogna, S. D. Conte, P. Miranda, G. Cerullo, and F. Wang, “Ultrafast characterization of saturable absorption in monolayer MoSe2,” in Graphene, Barcelona, Spain (2017).

Rivera, P.

J. R. Schaibley, T. Karin, H. Yu, J. S. Ross, P. Rivera, A. M. Jones, M. E. Scott, J. Yan, D. Mandrus, and W. Yao, “Population pulsation resonances of excitons in monolayer MoSe2 with sub-1  μeV linewidths,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 137402 (2015).
[Crossref]

Ross, J. S.

J. R. Schaibley, T. Karin, H. Yu, J. S. Ross, P. Rivera, A. M. Jones, M. E. Scott, J. Yan, D. Mandrus, and W. Yao, “Population pulsation resonances of excitons in monolayer MoSe2 with sub-1  μeV linewidths,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 137402 (2015).
[Crossref]

Sanda, S.

R. Sharma, J. Aneesh, R. K. Yadav, S. Sanda, A. Barik, A. K. Mishra, T. K. Maji, D. Karmakar, and K. Adarsh, “Strong interlayer coupling mediated giant two-photon absorption in MoSe2/graphene oxide heterostructure: quenching of exciton bands,” Phys. Rev. B 93, 155433 (2016).
[Crossref]

Schaibley, J. R.

J. R. Schaibley, T. Karin, H. Yu, J. S. Ross, P. Rivera, A. M. Jones, M. E. Scott, J. Yan, D. Mandrus, and W. Yao, “Population pulsation resonances of excitons in monolayer MoSe2 with sub-1  μeV linewidths,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 137402 (2015).
[Crossref]

Schmidt, R.

Scott, M. E.

J. R. Schaibley, T. Karin, H. Yu, J. S. Ross, P. Rivera, A. M. Jones, M. E. Scott, J. Yan, D. Mandrus, and W. Yao, “Population pulsation resonances of excitons in monolayer MoSe2 with sub-1  μeV linewidths,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 137402 (2015).
[Crossref]

Sharma, R.

R. Sharma, J. Aneesh, R. K. Yadav, S. Sanda, A. Barik, A. K. Mishra, T. K. Maji, D. Karmakar, and K. Adarsh, “Strong interlayer coupling mediated giant two-photon absorption in MoSe2/graphene oxide heterostructure: quenching of exciton bands,” Phys. Rev. B 93, 155433 (2016).
[Crossref]

Shaw, J. C.

J. C. Shaw, H. Zhou, Y. Chen, N. O. Weiss, Y. Liu, Y. Huang, and X. Duan, “Chemical vapor deposition growth of monolayer MoSe2 nanosheets,” Nano Res. 7, 511–517 (2014).
[Crossref]

Shen, Z. X.

Q. Bao, H. Zhang, Y. Wang, Z. Ni, Y. Yan, Z. X. Shen, K. P. Loh, and D. Y. Tang, “Atomic-layer graphene as a saturable absorber for ultrafast pulsed lasers,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 3077–3083 (2009).
[Crossref]

Shi, L.

Y. Ding, Y. Wang, J. Ni, L. Shi, S. Shi, and W. Tang, “First principles study of structural, vibrational and electronic properties of graphene-like MX2 (M = Mo, Nb, W, Ta; X = S, Se, Te) monolayers,” Physica B 406, 2254–2260 (2011).
[Crossref]

Shi, S.

Y. Ding, Y. Wang, J. Ni, L. Shi, S. Shi, and W. Tang, “First principles study of structural, vibrational and electronic properties of graphene-like MX2 (M = Mo, Nb, W, Ta; X = S, Se, Te) monolayers,” Physica B 406, 2254–2260 (2011).
[Crossref]

Shih, H.

Shimony, Y.

Z. Burshtein, P. Blau, Y. Kalisky, Y. Shimony, and M. Kikta, “Excited-state absorption studies of Cr4+ ions in several garnet host crystals,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34, 292–299 (1998).
[Crossref]

Singh, A.

A. Singh, G. Moody, S. Wu, Y. Wu, N. J. Ghimire, J. Yan, D. G. Mandrus, X. Xu, and X. Li, “Coherent electronic coupling in atomically thin MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 216804 (2014).
[Crossref]

Smith, R. J.

J. N. Coleman, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, S. D. Bergin, P. J. King, U. Khan, K. Young, A. Gaucher, S. De, and R. J. Smith, “Two-dimensional nanosheets produced by liquid exfoliation of layered materials,” Science 331, 568–571 (2011).
[Crossref]

Sun, Z.

J. Huang, N. Dong, S. Zhang, Z. Sun, W. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Nonlinear absorption induced transparency and optical limiting of black phosphorus nanosheets,” ACS Photon. 4, 3063–3070 (2017).
[Crossref]

Szydlowska, B. M.

G. Wang, K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, A. A. Baker-Murray, J. J. Wang, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of a graphene saturable mirror in the 2  μm wavelength region,” Laser Photon. Rev. 11, 1700166 (2017).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, G. Wang, X. Zhang, J. J. Wang, J. J. Magan, L. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear excitation dynamics of black phosphorus nanosheets from visible to mid-infrared,” ACS Nano 10, 6923–6932 (2016).
[Crossref]

Tang, D. Y.

Q. Bao, H. Zhang, Y. Wang, Z. Ni, Y. Yan, Z. X. Shen, K. P. Loh, and D. Y. Tang, “Atomic-layer graphene as a saturable absorber for ultrafast pulsed lasers,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 3077–3083 (2009).
[Crossref]

Tang, W.

Y. Ding, Y. Wang, J. Ni, L. Shi, S. Shi, and W. Tang, “First principles study of structural, vibrational and electronic properties of graphene-like MX2 (M = Mo, Nb, W, Ta; X = S, Se, Te) monolayers,” Physica B 406, 2254–2260 (2011).
[Crossref]

Titze, M.

F. Gao, Y. Gong, M. Titze, R. Almeida, P. M. Ajayan, and H. Li, “Valley trion dynamics in monolayer MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. B 94, 245413 (2016).
[Crossref]

Tongay, S.

S. Tongay, J. Zhou, C. Ataca, K. Lo, T. S. Matthews, J. Li, J. C. Grossman, and J. Wu, “Thermally driven crossover from indirect toward direct bandgap in 2D semiconductors: MoSe2 versus MoS2,” Nano Lett. 12, 5576–5580 (2012).
[Crossref]

Tonndorf, P.

Trovatello, C.

Z. Nie, C. Trovatello, E. A. Pogna, S. Dal Conte, P. B. Miranda, E. Kelleher, C. Zhu, I. C. E. Turcu, Y. Xu, and K. Liu, “Broadband nonlinear optical response of monolayer MoSe2 under ultrafast excitation,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 112, 031108 (2018).
[Crossref]

C. Trovatello, Z. Nie, E. A. A. Pogna, S. D. Conte, P. Miranda, G. Cerullo, and F. Wang, “Ultrafast characterization of saturable absorption in monolayer MoSe2,” in Graphene, Barcelona, Spain (2017).

Turcu, I. C. E.

Z. Nie, C. Trovatello, E. A. Pogna, S. Dal Conte, P. B. Miranda, E. Kelleher, C. Zhu, I. C. E. Turcu, Y. Xu, and K. Liu, “Broadband nonlinear optical response of monolayer MoSe2 under ultrafast excitation,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 112, 031108 (2018).
[Crossref]

Wang, C.

K. Wang, Y. Feng, C. Chang, J. Zhan, C. Wang, Q. Zhao, J. N. Coleman, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Broadband ultrafast nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction of layered molybdenum dichalcogenide semiconductors,” Nanoscale 6, 10530–10535 (2014).
[Crossref]

Wang, F.

Z. Luo, D. Wu, B. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Cai, J. Peng, J. Weng, S. Xu, C. Zhu, and F. Wang, “Two-dimensional material-based saturable absorbers: towards compact visible-wavelength all-fiber pulsed lasers,” Nanoscale 8, 1066–1072 (2016).
[Crossref]

C. Trovatello, Z. Nie, E. A. A. Pogna, S. D. Conte, P. Miranda, G. Cerullo, and F. Wang, “Ultrafast characterization of saturable absorption in monolayer MoSe2,” in Graphene, Barcelona, Spain (2017).

Wang, G.

G. Wang, K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, A. A. Baker-Murray, J. J. Wang, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of a graphene saturable mirror in the 2  μm wavelength region,” Laser Photon. Rev. 11, 1700166 (2017).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, G. Wang, X. Zhang, J. J. Wang, J. J. Magan, L. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear excitation dynamics of black phosphorus nanosheets from visible to mid-infrared,” ACS Nano 10, 6923–6932 (2016).
[Crossref]

G. Wang, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, L. Zhang, Y. Cheng, D. Fox, H. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Tunable nonlinear refractive index of two-dimensional MoS2, WS2, and MoSe2 nanosheet dispersions,” Photon. Res. 3, A51–A55 (2015).
[Crossref]

Y. Feng, N. Dong, G. Wang, Y. Li, S. Zhang, K. Wang, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Saturable absorption behavior of free-standing graphene polymer composite films over broad wavelength and time ranges,” Opt. Express 23, 559–569 (2015).
[Crossref]

Wang, J.

G. Wang, K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, A. A. Baker-Murray, J. J. Wang, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of a graphene saturable mirror in the 2  μm wavelength region,” Laser Photon. Rev. 11, 1700166 (2017).
[Crossref]

J. Huang, N. Dong, S. Zhang, Z. Sun, W. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Nonlinear absorption induced transparency and optical limiting of black phosphorus nanosheets,” ACS Photon. 4, 3063–3070 (2017).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, G. Wang, X. Zhang, J. J. Wang, J. J. Magan, L. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear excitation dynamics of black phosphorus nanosheets from visible to mid-infrared,” ACS Nano 10, 6923–6932 (2016).
[Crossref]

N. Dong, Y. Li, Y. Feng, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, C. Chang, J. Fan, L. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Optical limiting and theoretical modelling of layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets,” Sci. Rep. 5, 14646 (2015).
[Crossref]

G. Wang, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, L. Zhang, Y. Cheng, D. Fox, H. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Tunable nonlinear refractive index of two-dimensional MoS2, WS2, and MoSe2 nanosheet dispersions,” Photon. Res. 3, A51–A55 (2015).
[Crossref]

Y. Feng, N. Dong, G. Wang, Y. Li, S. Zhang, K. Wang, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Saturable absorption behavior of free-standing graphene polymer composite films over broad wavelength and time ranges,” Opt. Express 23, 559–569 (2015).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, Y. Feng, C. Chang, J. Zhan, C. Wang, Q. Zhao, J. N. Coleman, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Broadband ultrafast nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction of layered molybdenum dichalcogenide semiconductors,” Nanoscale 6, 10530–10535 (2014).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, J. Wang, J. Fan, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, D. Fox, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, B. Jiang, and Q. Zhao, “Ultrafast saturable absorption of two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets,” ACS Nano 7, 9260–9267 (2013).
[Crossref]

Wang, J. J.

G. Wang, K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, A. A. Baker-Murray, J. J. Wang, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of a graphene saturable mirror in the 2  μm wavelength region,” Laser Photon. Rev. 11, 1700166 (2017).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, G. Wang, X. Zhang, J. J. Wang, J. J. Magan, L. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear excitation dynamics of black phosphorus nanosheets from visible to mid-infrared,” ACS Nano 10, 6923–6932 (2016).
[Crossref]

Wang, K.

G. Wang, K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, A. A. Baker-Murray, J. J. Wang, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of a graphene saturable mirror in the 2  μm wavelength region,” Laser Photon. Rev. 11, 1700166 (2017).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, G. Wang, X. Zhang, J. J. Wang, J. J. Magan, L. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear excitation dynamics of black phosphorus nanosheets from visible to mid-infrared,” ACS Nano 10, 6923–6932 (2016).
[Crossref]

Y. Feng, N. Dong, G. Wang, Y. Li, S. Zhang, K. Wang, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Saturable absorption behavior of free-standing graphene polymer composite films over broad wavelength and time ranges,” Opt. Express 23, 559–569 (2015).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, Y. Feng, C. Chang, J. Zhan, C. Wang, Q. Zhao, J. N. Coleman, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Broadband ultrafast nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction of layered molybdenum dichalcogenide semiconductors,” Nanoscale 6, 10530–10535 (2014).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, J. Wang, J. Fan, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, D. Fox, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, B. Jiang, and Q. Zhao, “Ultrafast saturable absorption of two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets,” ACS Nano 7, 9260–9267 (2013).
[Crossref]

Wang, Y.

N. Kumar, Q. Cui, F. Ceballos, D. He, Y. Wang, and H. Zhao, “Exciton-exciton annihilation in MoSe2 monolayers,” Phys. Rev. B 89, 125427 (2014).
[Crossref]

Y. Ding, Y. Wang, J. Ni, L. Shi, S. Shi, and W. Tang, “First principles study of structural, vibrational and electronic properties of graphene-like MX2 (M = Mo, Nb, W, Ta; X = S, Se, Te) monolayers,” Physica B 406, 2254–2260 (2011).
[Crossref]

Q. Bao, H. Zhang, Y. Wang, Z. Ni, Y. Yan, Z. X. Shen, K. P. Loh, and D. Y. Tang, “Atomic-layer graphene as a saturable absorber for ultrafast pulsed lasers,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 3077–3083 (2009).
[Crossref]

C. Luo, Y. Wang, F. Chen, H. Shih, and T. Kobayashi, “Eliminate coherence spike in reflection-type pump-probe measurements,” Opt. Express 17, 11321–11327 (2009).
[Crossref]

Weiss, N. O.

J. C. Shaw, H. Zhou, Y. Chen, N. O. Weiss, Y. Liu, Y. Huang, and X. Duan, “Chemical vapor deposition growth of monolayer MoSe2 nanosheets,” Nano Res. 7, 511–517 (2014).
[Crossref]

Weng, J.

Z. Luo, D. Wu, B. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Cai, J. Peng, J. Weng, S. Xu, C. Zhu, and F. Wang, “Two-dimensional material-based saturable absorbers: towards compact visible-wavelength all-fiber pulsed lasers,” Nanoscale 8, 1066–1072 (2016).
[Crossref]

Wu, D.

Z. Luo, D. Wu, B. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Cai, J. Peng, J. Weng, S. Xu, C. Zhu, and F. Wang, “Two-dimensional material-based saturable absorbers: towards compact visible-wavelength all-fiber pulsed lasers,” Nanoscale 8, 1066–1072 (2016).
[Crossref]

Wu, J.

S. Tongay, J. Zhou, C. Ataca, K. Lo, T. S. Matthews, J. Li, J. C. Grossman, and J. Wu, “Thermally driven crossover from indirect toward direct bandgap in 2D semiconductors: MoSe2 versus MoS2,” Nano Lett. 12, 5576–5580 (2012).
[Crossref]

Wu, S.

A. Singh, G. Moody, S. Wu, Y. Wu, N. J. Ghimire, J. Yan, D. G. Mandrus, X. Xu, and X. Li, “Coherent electronic coupling in atomically thin MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 216804 (2014).
[Crossref]

Wu, Y.

A. Singh, G. Moody, S. Wu, Y. Wu, N. J. Ghimire, J. Yan, D. G. Mandrus, X. Xu, and X. Li, “Coherent electronic coupling in atomically thin MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 216804 (2014).
[Crossref]

Xu, B.

Z. Luo, D. Wu, B. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Cai, J. Peng, J. Weng, S. Xu, C. Zhu, and F. Wang, “Two-dimensional material-based saturable absorbers: towards compact visible-wavelength all-fiber pulsed lasers,” Nanoscale 8, 1066–1072 (2016).
[Crossref]

Xu, H.

Z. Luo, D. Wu, B. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Cai, J. Peng, J. Weng, S. Xu, C. Zhu, and F. Wang, “Two-dimensional material-based saturable absorbers: towards compact visible-wavelength all-fiber pulsed lasers,” Nanoscale 8, 1066–1072 (2016).
[Crossref]

Xu, S.

Z. Luo, D. Wu, B. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Cai, J. Peng, J. Weng, S. Xu, C. Zhu, and F. Wang, “Two-dimensional material-based saturable absorbers: towards compact visible-wavelength all-fiber pulsed lasers,” Nanoscale 8, 1066–1072 (2016).
[Crossref]

Xu, X.

A. Singh, G. Moody, S. Wu, Y. Wu, N. J. Ghimire, J. Yan, D. G. Mandrus, X. Xu, and X. Li, “Coherent electronic coupling in atomically thin MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 216804 (2014).
[Crossref]

Xu, Y.

Z. Nie, C. Trovatello, E. A. Pogna, S. Dal Conte, P. B. Miranda, E. Kelleher, C. Zhu, I. C. E. Turcu, Y. Xu, and K. Liu, “Broadband nonlinear optical response of monolayer MoSe2 under ultrafast excitation,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 112, 031108 (2018).
[Crossref]

Yadav, R. K.

R. Sharma, J. Aneesh, R. K. Yadav, S. Sanda, A. Barik, A. K. Mishra, T. K. Maji, D. Karmakar, and K. Adarsh, “Strong interlayer coupling mediated giant two-photon absorption in MoSe2/graphene oxide heterostructure: quenching of exciton bands,” Phys. Rev. B 93, 155433 (2016).
[Crossref]

Yan, J.

J. R. Schaibley, T. Karin, H. Yu, J. S. Ross, P. Rivera, A. M. Jones, M. E. Scott, J. Yan, D. Mandrus, and W. Yao, “Population pulsation resonances of excitons in monolayer MoSe2 with sub-1  μeV linewidths,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 137402 (2015).
[Crossref]

A. Singh, G. Moody, S. Wu, Y. Wu, N. J. Ghimire, J. Yan, D. G. Mandrus, X. Xu, and X. Li, “Coherent electronic coupling in atomically thin MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 216804 (2014).
[Crossref]

Yan, Y.

Q. Bao, H. Zhang, Y. Wang, Z. Ni, Y. Yan, Z. X. Shen, K. P. Loh, and D. Y. Tang, “Atomic-layer graphene as a saturable absorber for ultrafast pulsed lasers,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 3077–3083 (2009).
[Crossref]

Yao, W.

J. R. Schaibley, T. Karin, H. Yu, J. S. Ross, P. Rivera, A. M. Jones, M. E. Scott, J. Yan, D. Mandrus, and W. Yao, “Population pulsation resonances of excitons in monolayer MoSe2 with sub-1  μeV linewidths,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 137402 (2015).
[Crossref]

Young, K.

J. N. Coleman, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, S. D. Bergin, P. J. King, U. Khan, K. Young, A. Gaucher, S. De, and R. J. Smith, “Two-dimensional nanosheets produced by liquid exfoliation of layered materials,” Science 331, 568–571 (2011).
[Crossref]

Yu, H.

J. R. Schaibley, T. Karin, H. Yu, J. S. Ross, P. Rivera, A. M. Jones, M. E. Scott, J. Yan, D. Mandrus, and W. Yao, “Population pulsation resonances of excitons in monolayer MoSe2 with sub-1  μeV linewidths,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 137402 (2015).
[Crossref]

Zahn, D. R.

Zhan, J.

K. Wang, Y. Feng, C. Chang, J. Zhan, C. Wang, Q. Zhao, J. N. Coleman, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Broadband ultrafast nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction of layered molybdenum dichalcogenide semiconductors,” Nanoscale 6, 10530–10535 (2014).
[Crossref]

Zhang, H.

G. Wang, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, L. Zhang, Y. Cheng, D. Fox, H. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Tunable nonlinear refractive index of two-dimensional MoS2, WS2, and MoSe2 nanosheet dispersions,” Photon. Res. 3, A51–A55 (2015).
[Crossref]

Q. Bao, H. Zhang, Y. Wang, Z. Ni, Y. Yan, Z. X. Shen, K. P. Loh, and D. Y. Tang, “Atomic-layer graphene as a saturable absorber for ultrafast pulsed lasers,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 3077–3083 (2009).
[Crossref]

Zhang, L.

K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, G. Wang, X. Zhang, J. J. Wang, J. J. Magan, L. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear excitation dynamics of black phosphorus nanosheets from visible to mid-infrared,” ACS Nano 10, 6923–6932 (2016).
[Crossref]

G. Wang, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, L. Zhang, Y. Cheng, D. Fox, H. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Tunable nonlinear refractive index of two-dimensional MoS2, WS2, and MoSe2 nanosheet dispersions,” Photon. Res. 3, A51–A55 (2015).
[Crossref]

N. Dong, Y. Li, Y. Feng, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, C. Chang, J. Fan, L. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Optical limiting and theoretical modelling of layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets,” Sci. Rep. 5, 14646 (2015).
[Crossref]

Y. Feng, N. Dong, G. Wang, Y. Li, S. Zhang, K. Wang, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Saturable absorption behavior of free-standing graphene polymer composite films over broad wavelength and time ranges,” Opt. Express 23, 559–569 (2015).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, Y. Feng, C. Chang, J. Zhan, C. Wang, Q. Zhao, J. N. Coleman, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Broadband ultrafast nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction of layered molybdenum dichalcogenide semiconductors,” Nanoscale 6, 10530–10535 (2014).
[Crossref]

Zhang, S.

J. Huang, N. Dong, S. Zhang, Z. Sun, W. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Nonlinear absorption induced transparency and optical limiting of black phosphorus nanosheets,” ACS Photon. 4, 3063–3070 (2017).
[Crossref]

N. Dong, Y. Li, Y. Feng, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, C. Chang, J. Fan, L. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Optical limiting and theoretical modelling of layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets,” Sci. Rep. 5, 14646 (2015).
[Crossref]

G. Wang, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, L. Zhang, Y. Cheng, D. Fox, H. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Tunable nonlinear refractive index of two-dimensional MoS2, WS2, and MoSe2 nanosheet dispersions,” Photon. Res. 3, A51–A55 (2015).
[Crossref]

Y. Feng, N. Dong, G. Wang, Y. Li, S. Zhang, K. Wang, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Saturable absorption behavior of free-standing graphene polymer composite films over broad wavelength and time ranges,” Opt. Express 23, 559–569 (2015).
[Crossref]

Zhang, W.

J. Huang, N. Dong, S. Zhang, Z. Sun, W. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Nonlinear absorption induced transparency and optical limiting of black phosphorus nanosheets,” ACS Photon. 4, 3063–3070 (2017).
[Crossref]

Zhang, X.

G. Wang, K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, A. A. Baker-Murray, J. J. Wang, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of a graphene saturable mirror in the 2  μm wavelength region,” Laser Photon. Rev. 11, 1700166 (2017).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, G. Wang, X. Zhang, J. J. Wang, J. J. Magan, L. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear excitation dynamics of black phosphorus nanosheets from visible to mid-infrared,” ACS Nano 10, 6923–6932 (2016).
[Crossref]

N. Dong, Y. Li, Y. Feng, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, C. Chang, J. Fan, L. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Optical limiting and theoretical modelling of layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets,” Sci. Rep. 5, 14646 (2015).
[Crossref]

G. Wang, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, L. Zhang, Y. Cheng, D. Fox, H. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Tunable nonlinear refractive index of two-dimensional MoS2, WS2, and MoSe2 nanosheet dispersions,” Photon. Res. 3, A51–A55 (2015).
[Crossref]

P. Tonndorf, R. Schmidt, P. Böttger, X. Zhang, J. Börner, A. Liebig, M. Albrecht, C. Kloc, O. Gordan, and D. R. Zahn, “Photoluminescence emission and Raman response of monolayer MoS2, MoSe2, and WSe2,” Opt. Express 21, 4908–4916 (2013).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, J. Wang, J. Fan, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, D. Fox, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, B. Jiang, and Q. Zhao, “Ultrafast saturable absorption of two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets,” ACS Nano 7, 9260–9267 (2013).
[Crossref]

Zhao, H.

N. Kumar, Q. Cui, F. Ceballos, D. He, Y. Wang, and H. Zhao, “Exciton-exciton annihilation in MoSe2 monolayers,” Phys. Rev. B 89, 125427 (2014).
[Crossref]

Zhao, Q.

K. Wang, Y. Feng, C. Chang, J. Zhan, C. Wang, Q. Zhao, J. N. Coleman, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Broadband ultrafast nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction of layered molybdenum dichalcogenide semiconductors,” Nanoscale 6, 10530–10535 (2014).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, J. Wang, J. Fan, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, D. Fox, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, B. Jiang, and Q. Zhao, “Ultrafast saturable absorption of two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets,” ACS Nano 7, 9260–9267 (2013).
[Crossref]

Zhou, H.

J. C. Shaw, H. Zhou, Y. Chen, N. O. Weiss, Y. Liu, Y. Huang, and X. Duan, “Chemical vapor deposition growth of monolayer MoSe2 nanosheets,” Nano Res. 7, 511–517 (2014).
[Crossref]

Zhou, J.

S. Tongay, J. Zhou, C. Ataca, K. Lo, T. S. Matthews, J. Li, J. C. Grossman, and J. Wu, “Thermally driven crossover from indirect toward direct bandgap in 2D semiconductors: MoSe2 versus MoS2,” Nano Lett. 12, 5576–5580 (2012).
[Crossref]

Zhu, C.

Z. Nie, C. Trovatello, E. A. Pogna, S. Dal Conte, P. B. Miranda, E. Kelleher, C. Zhu, I. C. E. Turcu, Y. Xu, and K. Liu, “Broadband nonlinear optical response of monolayer MoSe2 under ultrafast excitation,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 112, 031108 (2018).
[Crossref]

Z. Luo, D. Wu, B. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Cai, J. Peng, J. Weng, S. Xu, C. Zhu, and F. Wang, “Two-dimensional material-based saturable absorbers: towards compact visible-wavelength all-fiber pulsed lasers,” Nanoscale 8, 1066–1072 (2016).
[Crossref]

ACS Nano (2)

K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, G. Wang, X. Zhang, J. J. Wang, J. J. Magan, L. Zhang, J. N. Coleman, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear excitation dynamics of black phosphorus nanosheets from visible to mid-infrared,” ACS Nano 10, 6923–6932 (2016).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, J. Wang, J. Fan, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, D. Fox, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, B. Jiang, and Q. Zhao, “Ultrafast saturable absorption of two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets,” ACS Nano 7, 9260–9267 (2013).
[Crossref]

ACS Photon. (1)

J. Huang, N. Dong, S. Zhang, Z. Sun, W. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Nonlinear absorption induced transparency and optical limiting of black phosphorus nanosheets,” ACS Photon. 4, 3063–3070 (2017).
[Crossref]

Adv. Funct. Mater. (1)

Q. Bao, H. Zhang, Y. Wang, Z. Ni, Y. Yan, Z. X. Shen, K. P. Loh, and D. Y. Tang, “Atomic-layer graphene as a saturable absorber for ultrafast pulsed lasers,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 3077–3083 (2009).
[Crossref]

Appl. Phys. Lett. (1)

Z. Nie, C. Trovatello, E. A. Pogna, S. Dal Conte, P. B. Miranda, E. Kelleher, C. Zhu, I. C. E. Turcu, Y. Xu, and K. Liu, “Broadband nonlinear optical response of monolayer MoSe2 under ultrafast excitation,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 112, 031108 (2018).
[Crossref]

IEEE J. Quantum Electron. (1)

Z. Burshtein, P. Blau, Y. Kalisky, Y. Shimony, and M. Kikta, “Excited-state absorption studies of Cr4+ ions in several garnet host crystals,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34, 292–299 (1998).
[Crossref]

Laser Photon. Rev. (1)

G. Wang, K. Wang, B. M. Szydłowska, A. A. Baker-Murray, J. J. Wang, Y. Feng, X. Zhang, J. Wang, and W. J. Blau, “Ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of a graphene saturable mirror in the 2  μm wavelength region,” Laser Photon. Rev. 11, 1700166 (2017).
[Crossref]

Nano Lett. (1)

S. Tongay, J. Zhou, C. Ataca, K. Lo, T. S. Matthews, J. Li, J. C. Grossman, and J. Wu, “Thermally driven crossover from indirect toward direct bandgap in 2D semiconductors: MoSe2 versus MoS2,” Nano Lett. 12, 5576–5580 (2012).
[Crossref]

Nano Res. (1)

J. C. Shaw, H. Zhou, Y. Chen, N. O. Weiss, Y. Liu, Y. Huang, and X. Duan, “Chemical vapor deposition growth of monolayer MoSe2 nanosheets,” Nano Res. 7, 511–517 (2014).
[Crossref]

Nanoscale (2)

Z. Luo, D. Wu, B. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Cai, J. Peng, J. Weng, S. Xu, C. Zhu, and F. Wang, “Two-dimensional material-based saturable absorbers: towards compact visible-wavelength all-fiber pulsed lasers,” Nanoscale 8, 1066–1072 (2016).
[Crossref]

K. Wang, Y. Feng, C. Chang, J. Zhan, C. Wang, Q. Zhao, J. N. Coleman, L. Zhang, W. J. Blau, and J. Wang, “Broadband ultrafast nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction of layered molybdenum dichalcogenide semiconductors,” Nanoscale 6, 10530–10535 (2014).
[Crossref]

Opt. Express (4)

Photon. Res. (1)

Phys. Rev. B (3)

R. Sharma, J. Aneesh, R. K. Yadav, S. Sanda, A. Barik, A. K. Mishra, T. K. Maji, D. Karmakar, and K. Adarsh, “Strong interlayer coupling mediated giant two-photon absorption in MoSe2/graphene oxide heterostructure: quenching of exciton bands,” Phys. Rev. B 93, 155433 (2016).
[Crossref]

N. Kumar, Q. Cui, F. Ceballos, D. He, Y. Wang, and H. Zhao, “Exciton-exciton annihilation in MoSe2 monolayers,” Phys. Rev. B 89, 125427 (2014).
[Crossref]

F. Gao, Y. Gong, M. Titze, R. Almeida, P. M. Ajayan, and H. Li, “Valley trion dynamics in monolayer MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. B 94, 245413 (2016).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. Lett. (2)

A. Singh, G. Moody, S. Wu, Y. Wu, N. J. Ghimire, J. Yan, D. G. Mandrus, X. Xu, and X. Li, “Coherent electronic coupling in atomically thin MoSe2,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 216804 (2014).
[Crossref]

J. R. Schaibley, T. Karin, H. Yu, J. S. Ross, P. Rivera, A. M. Jones, M. E. Scott, J. Yan, D. Mandrus, and W. Yao, “Population pulsation resonances of excitons in monolayer MoSe2 with sub-1  μeV linewidths,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 137402 (2015).
[Crossref]

Physica B (1)

Y. Ding, Y. Wang, J. Ni, L. Shi, S. Shi, and W. Tang, “First principles study of structural, vibrational and electronic properties of graphene-like MX2 (M = Mo, Nb, W, Ta; X = S, Se, Te) monolayers,” Physica B 406, 2254–2260 (2011).
[Crossref]

Sci. Rep. (1)

N. Dong, Y. Li, Y. Feng, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, C. Chang, J. Fan, L. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Optical limiting and theoretical modelling of layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets,” Sci. Rep. 5, 14646 (2015).
[Crossref]

Science (1)

J. N. Coleman, M. Lotya, A. O’Neill, S. D. Bergin, P. J. King, U. Khan, K. Young, A. Gaucher, S. De, and R. J. Smith, “Two-dimensional nanosheets produced by liquid exfoliation of layered materials,” Science 331, 568–571 (2011).
[Crossref]

Other (1)

C. Trovatello, Z. Nie, E. A. A. Pogna, S. D. Conte, P. Miranda, G. Cerullo, and F. Wang, “Ultrafast characterization of saturable absorption in monolayer MoSe2,” in Graphene, Barcelona, Spain (2017).

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Figures (4)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. TEM images showing (a) a few-layer MoSe2 flake and (b) a monolayer MoSe2 flake. The scale bar is 50 nm in (a) and 5 nm in (b). (c) Raman spectrum of the few-layer MoSe2 flakes. (d) AFM image displaying the thickness of a large number of MoSe2 flakes in a ∼5  μm×5  μm area. (e) Statistical thickness distribution of the MoSe2 flakes in as-prepared dispersions.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Z-scan results of few-layer MoSe2. The linear absorption coefficients are (a) 5.22  cm−1 and (b) 6.51  cm−1, respectively, which are shown in the insets. The measurements were carried out under irradiation of increasing laser intensity. (c) Schematic of an open-aperture Z-scan. The laser pulses are at a center wavelength of 800 nm, with duration of ∼100  fs and a repetition rate of 100 kHz from a Ti: sapphire mode-locked laser (Coherent, RegA 9000).

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Experimental (scatters) and fitting (solid lines) degenerate pump-probe traces of few-layer MoSe2 based on an 800 nm laser with pulse duration of ∼100  fs and repetition rate of 100 kHz. The inset in (c) shows the relaxation processes of the excited carriers. The inset in (d) shows degenerate pump-probe setup. An intense beam is employed to pump the materials, while another beam with relatively low intensity, which is delayed by a motorized linear translation stage, is used for probing the excited carriers. These two beams are modulated by an optical chopper at 733 Hz and 422 Hz, respectively. A half-wave plate and a polarizer are utilized to eliminate the coherent spikes.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. NLO performance of few-layer-MoSe2 analyzed by a slow-saturable absorber model. (a) Experimental (scatters) and fitting (solid lines) transmission as a function of intensity. (b) Corresponding differential absorption converted from (a).

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Tables (2)

Tables Icon

Table 1. NLO Performance of Few-Layer MoSe2 Used as a Slow-Saturable Absorber

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Table 2. Fitting Parameters for the Experimental Differential Transmission of Two Few-Layer MoSe2 Dispersions with the Linear Absorption Coefficients of 5.22 cm−1 and 6.51  cm−1, Respectively

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Equations (3)

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dIdz′=−α(I)·I.
ΔTT=[D1 exp(−tτ1)erfc(σ2τ1−t2σ)+D2 exp(−tτ2)erfc(σ2τ2−t2σ)],
T(F)=T0+TFN−T01−T0(Tmax−T0).