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Dy-doped CaF2 transparent ceramics as a functional medium in the broadband mid-infrared spectral region

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Abstract

Highly transparent Dy:CaF2 ceramics with various doping concentrations were fabricated by a hot isostatic pressing (HIP). Their optical properties, emission cross-sections, and saturable absorptivities were evaluated to examine their use as a new candidate 3-μm laser functional medium. Based on those evaluations, we demonstrated passively Q-switched operation of a 2.92-μm Er:YAP laser using a Dy:CaF2 ceramic as a saturable absorber.

© 2020 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement

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Figures (8)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. (a) Transmission spectra and a photograph of the Dy:CaF2 ceramics with various doping concentrations. Dotted line indicates the predicted maximum transmittance of undoped CaF2 crystal.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Absorption (solid line) and scattering (dotted line) coefficient spectra of Dy:CaF2 ceramics with various doping concentrations.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. (a) Emission cross-sections for Dy:CaF2 ceramics excited by a 1700-nm laser diode. The absorption cross-section of the 3-at.% sample is plotted as a dashed line. (b) Emission spectrum with 2800-nm excitation measured using a 3100-nm long-pass filter.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Gain cross-section spectra of 6H13/26H15/2 transition for 3 at. % Dy:CaF2 ceramics with the population inversion P ranging from 0 to 1 in interval of 0.1.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Nonlinear transmission of 0.5-at.% Dy:CaF2 ceramic measured by a cw Er:YAP laser at 2920 nm wavelength. Fresnel reflection losses are removed in the plots and a fitting curve is shown as a red line.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Schematic diagram of the setup for a passively Q-switched Er:YAP laser using a Dy:CaF2 ceramic as a saturable absorber.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 7. (a) Typical output temporal waveform for a Q-switched Er:YAP laser with a Dy:CaF2 ceramic SA under 11.7-W pumping. (b) Temporal waveform of a pulse in the pulse train.
Fig. 8.
Fig. 8. Pulse duration and repetition rate for Dy:CaF2 Q-switched Er:YAP laser as a function of pump power.
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