Theoretical investigation of active modulation and enhancement of Fano resonance in THz metamaterials

Subhajit Karmakar; Ravendra K. Varshney; Dibakar Roy Chowdhury

doi:10.1364/OSAC.2.000531

Theoretical investigation of active modulation and enhancement of Fano resonance in THz metamaterials

Subhajit Karmakar, Ravendra K. Varshney, and Dibakar Roy Chowdhury

OSA Continuum
Vol. 2,
Issue 3,
pp. 531-539
(2019)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/OSAC.2.000531

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Subhajit Karmakar, Ravendra K. Varshney, and Dibakar Roy Chowdhury, "Theoretical investigation of active modulation and enhancement of Fano resonance in THz metamaterials," OSA Continuum 2, 531-539 (2019)

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Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Nanophotonics, Metamaterials, and Photonic Crystals
Optics & Photonics Topics
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The topics in this list come from the OSA Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: October 31, 2018
- Revised Manuscript: January 21, 2019
- Manuscript Accepted: January 21, 2019
- Published: February 19, 2019

Accessible

Open Access

Abstract

We have theoretically proposed electrical modulation and enhancement of Fano resonance in THz metamaterials. In order to practically realize Fano resonance based devices, resonance dips should be sharp and to be clearly detected. However, realization of Fano resonances with simultaneously high quality factor (Q) and higher spectral contrast remains a major challenge. Therefore we propose a metamaterial based device to overcome the above limitation with active tuning capability. Our simulated results show a large enhancement of surface current and electric field, which results in sharp, extremely narrow bandwidth Fano type resonances. Furthermore, a higher degree of tunability has been achieved for Fano resonance as compared to dipole resonance, which can be useful to realize advanced dynamically reconfigurable devices.

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References

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Publication

J. B. Pendry, A. Holden, D. Robbins, and W. Stewart, “Magnetism from Conductors and Enhanced Nonlinear Phenomena,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 47(11), 2075–2084 (1999).
[Crossref]
D. R. Smith, W. J. Padilla, D. C. Vier, S. C. Menat-Nasser, and S. Schultz, “Composite Medium with Simultaneously Negative Permeability and Permittivity,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 84(18), 4184–4187 (2000).
[Crossref]
C. M. Soukoulis, S. Linden, and M. Wegener, “Negative Refractive Index at Optical Wavelengths,” Science 315(5808), 47–49 (2007).
[Crossref]
D. R. Smith, J. B. Pendry, and M. C. K. Wiltshire, “Metamaterials and negative refractive index,” Science 305(5685), 788–792 (2004).
[Crossref]
M. Islam, S. J. M. Rao, G. Kumar, B. P. Pal, and D. Roy Chowdhury, “Role of Resonance Modes on Terahertz Metamaterials based Thin Film Sensors,” Sci. Rep. 7(1), 7355 (2017).
[Crossref]
V. G. Veselago, “The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneously negative values of ɛ and μ,” Sov Phys. Usp. 10(4), 509–514 (1968).
[Crossref]
J. B. Khurgin, “How to deal with the loss in plasmonics and metamaterials,” Nat. Nanotechnol. 10(1), 2–6 (2015).
[Crossref]
A. N. Lagarkov and V. N. Kisel, “Losses in metamaterials: Restrictions and benefits,” Phys. B 405(14), 2925–2929 (2010).
[Crossref]
M. Husnik, M. W. Klein, N. Feth, M. König, J. Niegemann, K. Busch, S. Linden, and M. Wegener, “Absolute extinction cross-section of individual magnetic split-ring resonators,” Nat. Photonics 2(10), 614–617 (2008).
[Crossref]
A. B. Khanikaev, C. Wu, and G. Shvets, “Fano-resonant metamaterials and their applications,” Nanophotonics 2(4), 247 (2013).
[Crossref]
R. Singh, I. A. I. Al-Naib, Y. Yang, D. Roy Chowdhury, W. Cao, C. Rockstuhl, T. Ozaki, R. Morandotti, and W. Zhang, “Observing metamaterial induced transparency in individual Fano resonators with broken symmetry,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 99(20), 201107 (2011).
[Crossref]
U. Fano, “Effect of Configuration interactions on Intensities and phase shifts,” Phys. Rev. 124(6), 1866–1878 (1961).
[Crossref]
V. A. Fedotov, M. Rose, S. L. Prosvirnin, N. Papasimakis, and N. I. Zheludev, “Sharp Trapped-Mode Resonances in Planar Metamaterials with a Broken Structural Symmetry,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99(14), 147401 (2007).
[Crossref]
S. Zhang, D. A. Genov, Y. Wang, M. Liu, and X. Zhang, “Plasmon-Induced Transparency in Metamaterials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 101(4), 047401 (2008).
[Crossref]
R. Singh, I. A. I. Al-Naib, M. Koch, and W. Zhang, “Sharp Fano resonances in THz metamaterials,” Opt. Express 19(7), 6312–6319 (2011).
[Crossref]
R. Singh, W. Cao, I. Al-Naib, L. Cong, W. Withayachumnankul, and W. Zhang, “Ultrasensitive terahertz sensing with high-Q Fano resonances in metasurfaces,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 105(17), 171101 (2014).
[Crossref]
A. Barh, B. P. Pal, G. P. Agrawal, R. K. Varshney, and B. M. A. Rahman, “Specialty Fibers for Terahertz Generation and Transmission: A Review,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 22(2), 365–379 (2016).
[Crossref]
Y. K. Srivastava, L. Cong, and R. Singh, “Dual-surface flexible THz Fano metasensor,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 111(20), 201101 (2017).
[Crossref]
M. Manjappa, P. Pitchappa, N. Singh, N. Wang, N. I. Zheludev, C. Lee, and R. Singh, “Reconfigurable MEMS Fano metasurfaces with multiple-input–output states for logic operations at terahertz frequencies,” Nat. Commun. 9(1), 4056 (2018).
[Crossref]
W. X. Lim, M. Manjappa, P. Pitchappa, and R. Singh, “Shaping High-Q Planar Fano Resonant Metamaterials toward Futuristic Technologies,” Adv. Opt. Mater. 6(19), 1800502 (2018).
[Crossref]
G. Bachelier, I. Russier-Antoine, E. Benichou, C. Jonin, N. Del Fatti, F. Vallée, and P.-F. Brevet, “Fano Profiles Induced by Near-Field Coupling in Heterogeneous Dimers of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 101(19), 197401 (2008).
[Crossref]
C. Liu, K. Agarwal, Y. Zhang, D. Roy Chowdhury, A. K. Azad, and J-H Cho, “Terahertz Metamaterials: Displacement Current Mediated Resonances in Terahertz Metamaterials,” Adv. Opt. Mater. 4(8), 1302–1309 (2016).
[Crossref]
L. Cong, M. Manjappa, N. Xu, I. Al-Naib, W. Zhang, and R. Singh, “Fano Resonances in Terahertz Metasurfaces: A Figure of Merit Optimization,” Adv Opt. Mater. 3(11), 1537–1543 (2015).
[Crossref]
D. Roy Chowdhury, R. Singh, J. F. O’Hara, H. T. Chen, A. J. Taylor, and A. K. Azad, “Dynamically reconfigurable terahertz metamaterial through photo-doped semiconductor,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 99(23), 231101 (2011).
[Crossref]
D. Roy Chowdhury, R. Singh, A. J. Taylor, H. T. Chen, and A. K. Azad, “Ultrafast manipulation of near field coupling between bright and dark modes in terahertz metamaterial,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 102(1), 011122 (2013).
[Crossref]
Y. K. Srivastava, M. Manjappa, L. Cong, H. N. S. Krishnamoorthy, V. Savinov, P. Pitchappa, and R. Singh, “A Superconducting Dual-Channel Photonic Switch,” Adv. Mater. 30(29), 1801257 (2018).
[Crossref]
S. R. Wu, K. L. Lai, and C. M. Wang, “Passive temperature control based on a phase change metasurface,” Sci. Rep. 8(1), 7684 (2018).
[Crossref]
T. Cao, C. Wei, and L. Mao, “Numerical study of achiral phase-change metamaterials for ultrafast tuning of giant circular conversion dichroism,” Sci. Rep. 5, 14666 (2015).
[Crossref]
M. Manjappa, Y. K. Srivastava, A. Solanki, A. Kumar, T. C. Sum, and R. Singh, “Hybrid Lead Halide Perovskites for Ultrasensitive Photoactive Switching in Terahertz Metamaterial Devices,” Adv. Mater. 29(32), 1605881 (2017).
[Crossref]
D. A. Smirnova, A. E. Miroshnichenko, Y. S. Kivshar, and A. B. Khanikaev, “Tunable nonlinear graphene metasurfaces,” Phys. Rev. B 92(16), 161406 (2015).
[Crossref]
S. Xiao, T. Wang, X. Jiang, X. Yan, L. Cheng, B. Wang, and C. Xu, “Strong interaction between graphene layer and Fano resonance in terahertz metamaterials,” J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 50(19), 195101 (2017).
[Crossref]
H. Liu, J. Lu, and X. R. Wang, “Metamaterials based on the phase transition of VO2,” Nanotechnology 29(2), 024002 (2018).
[Crossref]
M. J. Dicken, K. Aydin, I. M. Pryce, L. A. Sweatlock, E. M. Boyd, S. Walavalkar, J. Ma, and H. A. Atwater, “Frequency tunable near-infrared metamaterials based on VO2 phase transition,” Opt. Express 17(20), 18330–18339 (2009).
[Crossref]
Y. Wang, J. Yin, and G. Yuan, “Tunable I-shaped metamaterial by loading varactor diode for reconfigurable antenna,” Appl. Phys. A 104(4), 1243–1247 (2011).
[Crossref]
T. Nesimoglu and C. Sabah, “A Tunable Metamaterial Resonator Using Varactor Diodes to Facilitate the Design of Reconfigurable Microwave Circuits,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II 63(1), 89–93 (2016).
[Crossref]
A. Q. Liu, W. M. Zhu, D. P. Tsai, and N. I. Zheludev, “Micromachined tunable metamaterials: a review,” J. Opt. 14(11), 114009 (2012).
[Crossref]
J. Ji, S. Zhou, J. Zhang, F. Ling, and J. Yao, “Electrical terahertz modulator based on photo-excited ferroelectric superlattice,” Sci. Rep. 8(1), 2682 (2018).
[Crossref]
K. Aydin and E. Ozbay, “Capacitor-loaded split ring resonators as tunable metamaterial components,” J. Appl. Phys. 101(2), 024911 (2007).
[Crossref]
M. F. Limonov, M. V. Rybin, A. N. Poddubny, and Y. S. Kivshar, “Fano resonances in photonics,” Nat. Photonics 11(9), 543–554 (2017).
[Crossref]
Y. K. Srivastava, M. Manjappa, L. Cong, W. Cao, I. Al-Naib, W. Zhang, and R. Singh, “Ultrahigh-Q Fano Resonances in Terahertz Metasurfaces: Strong Influence of Metallic Conductivity at Extremely Low Asymmetry,” Adv. Opt. Mater. 4(3), 457–463 (2016).
[Crossref]
O. Cho, H. Choi, and H. Kim, “Loop-type ground antenna using capacitor,” Electron. Lett. 47(1), 11–12 (2011).
[Crossref]
Y. S. Joe, A. M. Satanin, and C. S. Kim, “Classical analogy of Fano resonances,” Phys. Scr. 74(2), 259–266 (2006).
[Crossref]
S. Han, L. Cong, H. Lin, B. Xiao, H. Yang, and R. Singh, “Tunable electromagnetically induced transparency in coupled three-dimensional split-ring-resonator metamaterials,” Sci. Rep. 6(1), 20801 (2016).
[Crossref]

2018 (6)

M. Manjappa, P. Pitchappa, N. Singh, N. Wang, N. I. Zheludev, C. Lee, and R. Singh, “Reconfigurable MEMS Fano metasurfaces with multiple-input–output states for logic operations at terahertz frequencies,” Nat. Commun. 9(1), 4056 (2018).
[Crossref]

W. X. Lim, M. Manjappa, P. Pitchappa, and R. Singh, “Shaping High-Q Planar Fano Resonant Metamaterials toward Futuristic Technologies,” Adv. Opt. Mater. 6(19), 1800502 (2018).
[Crossref]

Y. K. Srivastava, M. Manjappa, L. Cong, H. N. S. Krishnamoorthy, V. Savinov, P. Pitchappa, and R. Singh, “A Superconducting Dual-Channel Photonic Switch,” Adv. Mater. 30(29), 1801257 (2018).
[Crossref]

S. R. Wu, K. L. Lai, and C. M. Wang, “Passive temperature control based on a phase change metasurface,” Sci. Rep. 8(1), 7684 (2018).
[Crossref]

H. Liu, J. Lu, and X. R. Wang, “Metamaterials based on the phase transition of VO2,” Nanotechnology 29(2), 024002 (2018).
[Crossref]

J. Ji, S. Zhou, J. Zhang, F. Ling, and J. Yao, “Electrical terahertz modulator based on photo-excited ferroelectric superlattice,” Sci. Rep. 8(1), 2682 (2018).
[Crossref]

2017 (5)

S. Xiao, T. Wang, X. Jiang, X. Yan, L. Cheng, B. Wang, and C. Xu, “Strong interaction between graphene layer and Fano resonance in terahertz metamaterials,” J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 50(19), 195101 (2017).
[Crossref]

M. Manjappa, Y. K. Srivastava, A. Solanki, A. Kumar, T. C. Sum, and R. Singh, “Hybrid Lead Halide Perovskites for Ultrasensitive Photoactive Switching in Terahertz Metamaterial Devices,” Adv. Mater. 29(32), 1605881 (2017).
[Crossref]

M. Islam, S. J. M. Rao, G. Kumar, B. P. Pal, and D. Roy Chowdhury, “Role of Resonance Modes on Terahertz Metamaterials based Thin Film Sensors,” Sci. Rep. 7(1), 7355 (2017).
[Crossref]

Y. K. Srivastava, L. Cong, and R. Singh, “Dual-surface flexible THz Fano metasensor,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 111(20), 201101 (2017).
[Crossref]

M. F. Limonov, M. V. Rybin, A. N. Poddubny, and Y. S. Kivshar, “Fano resonances in photonics,” Nat. Photonics 11(9), 543–554 (2017).
[Crossref]

2016 (5)

Y. K. Srivastava, M. Manjappa, L. Cong, W. Cao, I. Al-Naib, W. Zhang, and R. Singh, “Ultrahigh-Q Fano Resonances in Terahertz Metasurfaces: Strong Influence of Metallic Conductivity at Extremely Low Asymmetry,” Adv. Opt. Mater. 4(3), 457–463 (2016).
[Crossref]

S. Han, L. Cong, H. Lin, B. Xiao, H. Yang, and R. Singh, “Tunable electromagnetically induced transparency in coupled three-dimensional split-ring-resonator metamaterials,” Sci. Rep. 6(1), 20801 (2016).
[Crossref]

A. Barh, B. P. Pal, G. P. Agrawal, R. K. Varshney, and B. M. A. Rahman, “Specialty Fibers for Terahertz Generation and Transmission: A Review,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 22(2), 365–379 (2016).
[Crossref]

C. Liu, K. Agarwal, Y. Zhang, D. Roy Chowdhury, A. K. Azad, and J-H Cho, “Terahertz Metamaterials: Displacement Current Mediated Resonances in Terahertz Metamaterials,” Adv. Opt. Mater. 4(8), 1302–1309 (2016).
[Crossref]

T. Nesimoglu and C. Sabah, “A Tunable Metamaterial Resonator Using Varactor Diodes to Facilitate the Design of Reconfigurable Microwave Circuits,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II 63(1), 89–93 (2016).
[Crossref]

2015 (4)

L. Cong, M. Manjappa, N. Xu, I. Al-Naib, W. Zhang, and R. Singh, “Fano Resonances in Terahertz Metasurfaces: A Figure of Merit Optimization,” Adv Opt. Mater. 3(11), 1537–1543 (2015).
[Crossref]

D. A. Smirnova, A. E. Miroshnichenko, Y. S. Kivshar, and A. B. Khanikaev, “Tunable nonlinear graphene metasurfaces,” Phys. Rev. B 92(16), 161406 (2015).
[Crossref]

T. Cao, C. Wei, and L. Mao, “Numerical study of achiral phase-change metamaterials for ultrafast tuning of giant circular conversion dichroism,” Sci. Rep. 5, 14666 (2015).
[Crossref]

J. B. Khurgin, “How to deal with the loss in plasmonics and metamaterials,” Nat. Nanotechnol. 10(1), 2–6 (2015).
[Crossref]

2014 (1)

R. Singh, W. Cao, I. Al-Naib, L. Cong, W. Withayachumnankul, and W. Zhang, “Ultrasensitive terahertz sensing with high-Q Fano resonances in metasurfaces,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 105(17), 171101 (2014).
[Crossref]

2013 (2)

A. B. Khanikaev, C. Wu, and G. Shvets, “Fano-resonant metamaterials and their applications,” Nanophotonics 2(4), 247 (2013).
[Crossref]

D. Roy Chowdhury, R. Singh, A. J. Taylor, H. T. Chen, and A. K. Azad, “Ultrafast manipulation of near field coupling between bright and dark modes in terahertz metamaterial,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 102(1), 011122 (2013).
[Crossref]

2012 (1)

A. Q. Liu, W. M. Zhu, D. P. Tsai, and N. I. Zheludev, “Micromachined tunable metamaterials: a review,” J. Opt. 14(11), 114009 (2012).
[Crossref]

2011 (5)

D. Roy Chowdhury, R. Singh, J. F. O’Hara, H. T. Chen, A. J. Taylor, and A. K. Azad, “Dynamically reconfigurable terahertz metamaterial through photo-doped semiconductor,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 99(23), 231101 (2011).
[Crossref]

R. Singh, I. A. I. Al-Naib, Y. Yang, D. Roy Chowdhury, W. Cao, C. Rockstuhl, T. Ozaki, R. Morandotti, and W. Zhang, “Observing metamaterial induced transparency in individual Fano resonators with broken symmetry,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 99(20), 201107 (2011).
[Crossref]

R. Singh, I. A. I. Al-Naib, M. Koch, and W. Zhang, “Sharp Fano resonances in THz metamaterials,” Opt. Express 19(7), 6312–6319 (2011).
[Crossref]

Y. Wang, J. Yin, and G. Yuan, “Tunable I-shaped metamaterial by loading varactor diode for reconfigurable antenna,” Appl. Phys. A 104(4), 1243–1247 (2011).
[Crossref]

O. Cho, H. Choi, and H. Kim, “Loop-type ground antenna using capacitor,” Electron. Lett. 47(1), 11–12 (2011).
[Crossref]

2010 (1)

A. N. Lagarkov and V. N. Kisel, “Losses in metamaterials: Restrictions and benefits,” Phys. B 405(14), 2925–2929 (2010).
[Crossref]

2009 (1)

M. J. Dicken, K. Aydin, I. M. Pryce, L. A. Sweatlock, E. M. Boyd, S. Walavalkar, J. Ma, and H. A. Atwater, “Frequency tunable near-infrared metamaterials based on VO2 phase transition,” Opt. Express 17(20), 18330–18339 (2009).
[Crossref]

2008 (3)

G. Bachelier, I. Russier-Antoine, E. Benichou, C. Jonin, N. Del Fatti, F. Vallée, and P.-F. Brevet, “Fano Profiles Induced by Near-Field Coupling in Heterogeneous Dimers of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 101(19), 197401 (2008).
[Crossref]

M. Husnik, M. W. Klein, N. Feth, M. König, J. Niegemann, K. Busch, S. Linden, and M. Wegener, “Absolute extinction cross-section of individual magnetic split-ring resonators,” Nat. Photonics 2(10), 614–617 (2008).
[Crossref]

S. Zhang, D. A. Genov, Y. Wang, M. Liu, and X. Zhang, “Plasmon-Induced Transparency in Metamaterials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 101(4), 047401 (2008).
[Crossref]

2007 (3)

V. A. Fedotov, M. Rose, S. L. Prosvirnin, N. Papasimakis, and N. I. Zheludev, “Sharp Trapped-Mode Resonances in Planar Metamaterials with a Broken Structural Symmetry,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99(14), 147401 (2007).
[Crossref]

C. M. Soukoulis, S. Linden, and M. Wegener, “Negative Refractive Index at Optical Wavelengths,” Science 315(5808), 47–49 (2007).
[Crossref]

K. Aydin and E. Ozbay, “Capacitor-loaded split ring resonators as tunable metamaterial components,” J. Appl. Phys. 101(2), 024911 (2007).
[Crossref]

2006 (1)

Y. S. Joe, A. M. Satanin, and C. S. Kim, “Classical analogy of Fano resonances,” Phys. Scr. 74(2), 259–266 (2006).
[Crossref]

2004 (1)

D. R. Smith, J. B. Pendry, and M. C. K. Wiltshire, “Metamaterials and negative refractive index,” Science 305(5685), 788–792 (2004).
[Crossref]

2000 (1)

D. R. Smith, W. J. Padilla, D. C. Vier, S. C. Menat-Nasser, and S. Schultz, “Composite Medium with Simultaneously Negative Permeability and Permittivity,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 84(18), 4184–4187 (2000).
[Crossref]

1999 (1)

J. B. Pendry, A. Holden, D. Robbins, and W. Stewart, “Magnetism from Conductors and Enhanced Nonlinear Phenomena,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 47(11), 2075–2084 (1999).
[Crossref]

1968 (1)

V. G. Veselago, “The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneously negative values of ɛ and μ,” Sov Phys. Usp. 10(4), 509–514 (1968).
[Crossref]

1961 (1)

U. Fano, “Effect of Configuration interactions on Intensities and phase shifts,” Phys. Rev. 124(6), 1866–1878 (1961).
[Crossref]

Agarwal, K.

Agrawal, G. P.

Al-Naib, I.

L. Cong, M. Manjappa, N. Xu, I. Al-Naib, W. Zhang, and R. Singh, “Fano Resonances in Terahertz Metasurfaces: A Figure of Merit Optimization,” Adv Opt. Mater. 3(11), 1537–1543 (2015).
[Crossref]

Al-Naib, I. A. I.

R. Singh, I. A. I. Al-Naib, M. Koch, and W. Zhang, “Sharp Fano resonances in THz metamaterials,” Opt. Express 19(7), 6312–6319 (2011).
[Crossref]

Atwater, H. A.

Aydin, K.

K. Aydin and E. Ozbay, “Capacitor-loaded split ring resonators as tunable metamaterial components,” J. Appl. Phys. 101(2), 024911 (2007).
[Crossref]

Azad, A. K.

Bachelier, G.

Barh, A.

Benichou, E.

Boyd, E. M.

Brevet, P.-F.

Busch, K.

Cao, T.

T. Cao, C. Wei, and L. Mao, “Numerical study of achiral phase-change metamaterials for ultrafast tuning of giant circular conversion dichroism,” Sci. Rep. 5, 14666 (2015).
[Crossref]

Cao, W.

Chen, H. T.

Cheng, L.

Cho, J-H

Cho, O.

O. Cho, H. Choi, and H. Kim, “Loop-type ground antenna using capacitor,” Electron. Lett. 47(1), 11–12 (2011).
[Crossref]

Choi, H.

O. Cho, H. Choi, and H. Kim, “Loop-type ground antenna using capacitor,” Electron. Lett. 47(1), 11–12 (2011).
[Crossref]

Cong, L.

Y. K. Srivastava, L. Cong, and R. Singh, “Dual-surface flexible THz Fano metasensor,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 111(20), 201101 (2017).
[Crossref]

L. Cong, M. Manjappa, N. Xu, I. Al-Naib, W. Zhang, and R. Singh, “Fano Resonances in Terahertz Metasurfaces: A Figure of Merit Optimization,” Adv Opt. Mater. 3(11), 1537–1543 (2015).
[Crossref]

Del Fatti, N.

Dicken, M. J.

Fano, U.

U. Fano, “Effect of Configuration interactions on Intensities and phase shifts,” Phys. Rev. 124(6), 1866–1878 (1961).
[Crossref]

Fedotov, V. A.

Feth, N.

Genov, D. A.

S. Zhang, D. A. Genov, Y. Wang, M. Liu, and X. Zhang, “Plasmon-Induced Transparency in Metamaterials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 101(4), 047401 (2008).
[Crossref]

Han, S.

Holden, A.

J. B. Pendry, A. Holden, D. Robbins, and W. Stewart, “Magnetism from Conductors and Enhanced Nonlinear Phenomena,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 47(11), 2075–2084 (1999).
[Crossref]

Husnik, M.

Islam, M.

M. Islam, S. J. M. Rao, G. Kumar, B. P. Pal, and D. Roy Chowdhury, “Role of Resonance Modes on Terahertz Metamaterials based Thin Film Sensors,” Sci. Rep. 7(1), 7355 (2017).
[Crossref]

Ji, J.

J. Ji, S. Zhou, J. Zhang, F. Ling, and J. Yao, “Electrical terahertz modulator based on photo-excited ferroelectric superlattice,” Sci. Rep. 8(1), 2682 (2018).
[Crossref]

Jiang, X.

Joe, Y. S.

Y. S. Joe, A. M. Satanin, and C. S. Kim, “Classical analogy of Fano resonances,” Phys. Scr. 74(2), 259–266 (2006).
[Crossref]

Jonin, C.

Khanikaev, A. B.

D. A. Smirnova, A. E. Miroshnichenko, Y. S. Kivshar, and A. B. Khanikaev, “Tunable nonlinear graphene metasurfaces,” Phys. Rev. B 92(16), 161406 (2015).
[Crossref]

A. B. Khanikaev, C. Wu, and G. Shvets, “Fano-resonant metamaterials and their applications,” Nanophotonics 2(4), 247 (2013).
[Crossref]

Khurgin, J. B.

J. B. Khurgin, “How to deal with the loss in plasmonics and metamaterials,” Nat. Nanotechnol. 10(1), 2–6 (2015).
[Crossref]

Kim, C. S.

Y. S. Joe, A. M. Satanin, and C. S. Kim, “Classical analogy of Fano resonances,” Phys. Scr. 74(2), 259–266 (2006).
[Crossref]

Kim, H.

O. Cho, H. Choi, and H. Kim, “Loop-type ground antenna using capacitor,” Electron. Lett. 47(1), 11–12 (2011).
[Crossref]

Kisel, V. N.

A. N. Lagarkov and V. N. Kisel, “Losses in metamaterials: Restrictions and benefits,” Phys. B 405(14), 2925–2929 (2010).
[Crossref]

Kivshar, Y. S.

M. F. Limonov, M. V. Rybin, A. N. Poddubny, and Y. S. Kivshar, “Fano resonances in photonics,” Nat. Photonics 11(9), 543–554 (2017).
[Crossref]

D. A. Smirnova, A. E. Miroshnichenko, Y. S. Kivshar, and A. B. Khanikaev, “Tunable nonlinear graphene metasurfaces,” Phys. Rev. B 92(16), 161406 (2015).
[Crossref]

Klein, M. W.

Koch, M.

R. Singh, I. A. I. Al-Naib, M. Koch, and W. Zhang, “Sharp Fano resonances in THz metamaterials,” Opt. Express 19(7), 6312–6319 (2011).
[Crossref]

König, M.

Krishnamoorthy, H. N. S.

Kumar, A.

Kumar, G.

M. Islam, S. J. M. Rao, G. Kumar, B. P. Pal, and D. Roy Chowdhury, “Role of Resonance Modes on Terahertz Metamaterials based Thin Film Sensors,” Sci. Rep. 7(1), 7355 (2017).
[Crossref]

Lagarkov, A. N.

A. N. Lagarkov and V. N. Kisel, “Losses in metamaterials: Restrictions and benefits,” Phys. B 405(14), 2925–2929 (2010).
[Crossref]

Lai, K. L.

S. R. Wu, K. L. Lai, and C. M. Wang, “Passive temperature control based on a phase change metasurface,” Sci. Rep. 8(1), 7684 (2018).
[Crossref]

Lee, C.

Lim, W. X.

W. X. Lim, M. Manjappa, P. Pitchappa, and R. Singh, “Shaping High-Q Planar Fano Resonant Metamaterials toward Futuristic Technologies,” Adv. Opt. Mater. 6(19), 1800502 (2018).
[Crossref]

Limonov, M. F.

M. F. Limonov, M. V. Rybin, A. N. Poddubny, and Y. S. Kivshar, “Fano resonances in photonics,” Nat. Photonics 11(9), 543–554 (2017).
[Crossref]

Lin, H.

Linden, S.

C. M. Soukoulis, S. Linden, and M. Wegener, “Negative Refractive Index at Optical Wavelengths,” Science 315(5808), 47–49 (2007).
[Crossref]

Ling, F.

J. Ji, S. Zhou, J. Zhang, F. Ling, and J. Yao, “Electrical terahertz modulator based on photo-excited ferroelectric superlattice,” Sci. Rep. 8(1), 2682 (2018).
[Crossref]

Liu, A. Q.

A. Q. Liu, W. M. Zhu, D. P. Tsai, and N. I. Zheludev, “Micromachined tunable metamaterials: a review,” J. Opt. 14(11), 114009 (2012).
[Crossref]

Liu, C.

Liu, H.

H. Liu, J. Lu, and X. R. Wang, “Metamaterials based on the phase transition of VO2,” Nanotechnology 29(2), 024002 (2018).
[Crossref]

Liu, M.

S. Zhang, D. A. Genov, Y. Wang, M. Liu, and X. Zhang, “Plasmon-Induced Transparency in Metamaterials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 101(4), 047401 (2008).
[Crossref]

Lu, J.

H. Liu, J. Lu, and X. R. Wang, “Metamaterials based on the phase transition of VO2,” Nanotechnology 29(2), 024002 (2018).
[Crossref]

Ma, J.

Manjappa, M.

W. X. Lim, M. Manjappa, P. Pitchappa, and R. Singh, “Shaping High-Q Planar Fano Resonant Metamaterials toward Futuristic Technologies,” Adv. Opt. Mater. 6(19), 1800502 (2018).
[Crossref]

L. Cong, M. Manjappa, N. Xu, I. Al-Naib, W. Zhang, and R. Singh, “Fano Resonances in Terahertz Metasurfaces: A Figure of Merit Optimization,” Adv Opt. Mater. 3(11), 1537–1543 (2015).
[Crossref]

Mao, L.

T. Cao, C. Wei, and L. Mao, “Numerical study of achiral phase-change metamaterials for ultrafast tuning of giant circular conversion dichroism,” Sci. Rep. 5, 14666 (2015).
[Crossref]

Menat-Nasser, S. C.

Miroshnichenko, A. E.

D. A. Smirnova, A. E. Miroshnichenko, Y. S. Kivshar, and A. B. Khanikaev, “Tunable nonlinear graphene metasurfaces,” Phys. Rev. B 92(16), 161406 (2015).
[Crossref]

Morandotti, R.

Nesimoglu, T.

Niegemann, J.

O’Hara, J. F.

Ozaki, T.

Ozbay, E.

K. Aydin and E. Ozbay, “Capacitor-loaded split ring resonators as tunable metamaterial components,” J. Appl. Phys. 101(2), 024911 (2007).
[Crossref]

Padilla, W. J.

Pal, B. P.

M. Islam, S. J. M. Rao, G. Kumar, B. P. Pal, and D. Roy Chowdhury, “Role of Resonance Modes on Terahertz Metamaterials based Thin Film Sensors,” Sci. Rep. 7(1), 7355 (2017).
[Crossref]

Papasimakis, N.

Pendry, J. B.

D. R. Smith, J. B. Pendry, and M. C. K. Wiltshire, “Metamaterials and negative refractive index,” Science 305(5685), 788–792 (2004).
[Crossref]

J. B. Pendry, A. Holden, D. Robbins, and W. Stewart, “Magnetism from Conductors and Enhanced Nonlinear Phenomena,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 47(11), 2075–2084 (1999).
[Crossref]

Pitchappa, P.

W. X. Lim, M. Manjappa, P. Pitchappa, and R. Singh, “Shaping High-Q Planar Fano Resonant Metamaterials toward Futuristic Technologies,” Adv. Opt. Mater. 6(19), 1800502 (2018).
[Crossref]

Poddubny, A. N.

M. F. Limonov, M. V. Rybin, A. N. Poddubny, and Y. S. Kivshar, “Fano resonances in photonics,” Nat. Photonics 11(9), 543–554 (2017).
[Crossref]

Prosvirnin, S. L.

Pryce, I. M.

Rahman, B. M. A.

Rao, S. J. M.

M. Islam, S. J. M. Rao, G. Kumar, B. P. Pal, and D. Roy Chowdhury, “Role of Resonance Modes on Terahertz Metamaterials based Thin Film Sensors,” Sci. Rep. 7(1), 7355 (2017).
[Crossref]

Robbins, D.

J. B. Pendry, A. Holden, D. Robbins, and W. Stewart, “Magnetism from Conductors and Enhanced Nonlinear Phenomena,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 47(11), 2075–2084 (1999).
[Crossref]

Rockstuhl, C.

Rose, M.

Roy Chowdhury, D.

M. Islam, S. J. M. Rao, G. Kumar, B. P. Pal, and D. Roy Chowdhury, “Role of Resonance Modes on Terahertz Metamaterials based Thin Film Sensors,” Sci. Rep. 7(1), 7355 (2017).
[Crossref]

Russier-Antoine, I.

Rybin, M. V.

M. F. Limonov, M. V. Rybin, A. N. Poddubny, and Y. S. Kivshar, “Fano resonances in photonics,” Nat. Photonics 11(9), 543–554 (2017).
[Crossref]

Sabah, C.

Satanin, A. M.

Y. S. Joe, A. M. Satanin, and C. S. Kim, “Classical analogy of Fano resonances,” Phys. Scr. 74(2), 259–266 (2006).
[Crossref]

Savinov, V.

Schultz, S.

Shvets, G.

A. B. Khanikaev, C. Wu, and G. Shvets, “Fano-resonant metamaterials and their applications,” Nanophotonics 2(4), 247 (2013).
[Crossref]

Singh, N.

Singh, R.

W. X. Lim, M. Manjappa, P. Pitchappa, and R. Singh, “Shaping High-Q Planar Fano Resonant Metamaterials toward Futuristic Technologies,” Adv. Opt. Mater. 6(19), 1800502 (2018).
[Crossref]

Y. K. Srivastava, L. Cong, and R. Singh, “Dual-surface flexible THz Fano metasensor,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 111(20), 201101 (2017).
[Crossref]

L. Cong, M. Manjappa, N. Xu, I. Al-Naib, W. Zhang, and R. Singh, “Fano Resonances in Terahertz Metasurfaces: A Figure of Merit Optimization,” Adv Opt. Mater. 3(11), 1537–1543 (2015).
[Crossref]

R. Singh, I. A. I. Al-Naib, M. Koch, and W. Zhang, “Sharp Fano resonances in THz metamaterials,” Opt. Express 19(7), 6312–6319 (2011).
[Crossref]

Smirnova, D. A.

D. A. Smirnova, A. E. Miroshnichenko, Y. S. Kivshar, and A. B. Khanikaev, “Tunable nonlinear graphene metasurfaces,” Phys. Rev. B 92(16), 161406 (2015).
[Crossref]

Smith, D. R.

D. R. Smith, J. B. Pendry, and M. C. K. Wiltshire, “Metamaterials and negative refractive index,” Science 305(5685), 788–792 (2004).
[Crossref]

Solanki, A.

Soukoulis, C. M.

C. M. Soukoulis, S. Linden, and M. Wegener, “Negative Refractive Index at Optical Wavelengths,” Science 315(5808), 47–49 (2007).
[Crossref]

Srivastava, Y. K.

Y. K. Srivastava, L. Cong, and R. Singh, “Dual-surface flexible THz Fano metasensor,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 111(20), 201101 (2017).
[Crossref]

Stewart, W.

J. B. Pendry, A. Holden, D. Robbins, and W. Stewart, “Magnetism from Conductors and Enhanced Nonlinear Phenomena,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 47(11), 2075–2084 (1999).
[Crossref]

Sum, T. C.

Sweatlock, L. A.

Taylor, A. J.

Tsai, D. P.

A. Q. Liu, W. M. Zhu, D. P. Tsai, and N. I. Zheludev, “Micromachined tunable metamaterials: a review,” J. Opt. 14(11), 114009 (2012).
[Crossref]

Vallée, F.

Varshney, R. K.

Veselago, V. G.

V. G. Veselago, “The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneously negative values of ɛ and μ,” Sov Phys. Usp. 10(4), 509–514 (1968).
[Crossref]

Vier, D. C.

Walavalkar, S.

Wang, B.

Wang, C. M.

S. R. Wu, K. L. Lai, and C. M. Wang, “Passive temperature control based on a phase change metasurface,” Sci. Rep. 8(1), 7684 (2018).
[Crossref]

Wang, N.

Wang, T.

Wang, X. R.

H. Liu, J. Lu, and X. R. Wang, “Metamaterials based on the phase transition of VO2,” Nanotechnology 29(2), 024002 (2018).
[Crossref]

Wang, Y.

Y. Wang, J. Yin, and G. Yuan, “Tunable I-shaped metamaterial by loading varactor diode for reconfigurable antenna,” Appl. Phys. A 104(4), 1243–1247 (2011).
[Crossref]

S. Zhang, D. A. Genov, Y. Wang, M. Liu, and X. Zhang, “Plasmon-Induced Transparency in Metamaterials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 101(4), 047401 (2008).
[Crossref]

Wegener, M.

C. M. Soukoulis, S. Linden, and M. Wegener, “Negative Refractive Index at Optical Wavelengths,” Science 315(5808), 47–49 (2007).
[Crossref]

Wei, C.

T. Cao, C. Wei, and L. Mao, “Numerical study of achiral phase-change metamaterials for ultrafast tuning of giant circular conversion dichroism,” Sci. Rep. 5, 14666 (2015).
[Crossref]

Wiltshire, M. C. K.

D. R. Smith, J. B. Pendry, and M. C. K. Wiltshire, “Metamaterials and negative refractive index,” Science 305(5685), 788–792 (2004).
[Crossref]

Withayachumnankul, W.

Wu, C.

A. B. Khanikaev, C. Wu, and G. Shvets, “Fano-resonant metamaterials and their applications,” Nanophotonics 2(4), 247 (2013).
[Crossref]

Wu, S. R.

S. R. Wu, K. L. Lai, and C. M. Wang, “Passive temperature control based on a phase change metasurface,” Sci. Rep. 8(1), 7684 (2018).
[Crossref]

Xiao, B.

Xiao, S.

Xu, C.

Xu, N.

L. Cong, M. Manjappa, N. Xu, I. Al-Naib, W. Zhang, and R. Singh, “Fano Resonances in Terahertz Metasurfaces: A Figure of Merit Optimization,” Adv Opt. Mater. 3(11), 1537–1543 (2015).
[Crossref]

Yan, X.

Yang, H.

Yang, Y.

Yao, J.

J. Ji, S. Zhou, J. Zhang, F. Ling, and J. Yao, “Electrical terahertz modulator based on photo-excited ferroelectric superlattice,” Sci. Rep. 8(1), 2682 (2018).
[Crossref]

Yin, J.

Y. Wang, J. Yin, and G. Yuan, “Tunable I-shaped metamaterial by loading varactor diode for reconfigurable antenna,” Appl. Phys. A 104(4), 1243–1247 (2011).
[Crossref]

Yuan, G.

Y. Wang, J. Yin, and G. Yuan, “Tunable I-shaped metamaterial by loading varactor diode for reconfigurable antenna,” Appl. Phys. A 104(4), 1243–1247 (2011).
[Crossref]

Zhang, J.

J. Ji, S. Zhou, J. Zhang, F. Ling, and J. Yao, “Electrical terahertz modulator based on photo-excited ferroelectric superlattice,” Sci. Rep. 8(1), 2682 (2018).
[Crossref]

Zhang, S.

S. Zhang, D. A. Genov, Y. Wang, M. Liu, and X. Zhang, “Plasmon-Induced Transparency in Metamaterials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 101(4), 047401 (2008).
[Crossref]

Zhang, W.

L. Cong, M. Manjappa, N. Xu, I. Al-Naib, W. Zhang, and R. Singh, “Fano Resonances in Terahertz Metasurfaces: A Figure of Merit Optimization,” Adv Opt. Mater. 3(11), 1537–1543 (2015).
[Crossref]

R. Singh, I. A. I. Al-Naib, M. Koch, and W. Zhang, “Sharp Fano resonances in THz metamaterials,” Opt. Express 19(7), 6312–6319 (2011).
[Crossref]

Zhang, X.

S. Zhang, D. A. Genov, Y. Wang, M. Liu, and X. Zhang, “Plasmon-Induced Transparency in Metamaterials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 101(4), 047401 (2008).
[Crossref]

Zhang, Y.

Zheludev, N. I.

A. Q. Liu, W. M. Zhu, D. P. Tsai, and N. I. Zheludev, “Micromachined tunable metamaterials: a review,” J. Opt. 14(11), 114009 (2012).
[Crossref]

Zhou, S.

J. Ji, S. Zhou, J. Zhang, F. Ling, and J. Yao, “Electrical terahertz modulator based on photo-excited ferroelectric superlattice,” Sci. Rep. 8(1), 2682 (2018).
[Crossref]

Zhu, W. M.

A. Q. Liu, W. M. Zhu, D. P. Tsai, and N. I. Zheludev, “Micromachined tunable metamaterials: a review,” J. Opt. 14(11), 114009 (2012).
[Crossref]

Adv Opt. Mater. (1)

L. Cong, M. Manjappa, N. Xu, I. Al-Naib, W. Zhang, and R. Singh, “Fano Resonances in Terahertz Metasurfaces: A Figure of Merit Optimization,” Adv Opt. Mater. 3(11), 1537–1543 (2015).
[Crossref]

Adv. Mater. (2)

Adv. Opt. Mater. (3)

W. X. Lim, M. Manjappa, P. Pitchappa, and R. Singh, “Shaping High-Q Planar Fano Resonant Metamaterials toward Futuristic Technologies,” Adv. Opt. Mater. 6(19), 1800502 (2018).
[Crossref]

Appl. Phys. A (1)

Y. Wang, J. Yin, and G. Yuan, “Tunable I-shaped metamaterial by loading varactor diode for reconfigurable antenna,” Appl. Phys. A 104(4), 1243–1247 (2011).
[Crossref]

Appl. Phys. Lett. (5)

Y. K. Srivastava, L. Cong, and R. Singh, “Dual-surface flexible THz Fano metasensor,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 111(20), 201101 (2017).
[Crossref]

Electron. Lett. (1)

O. Cho, H. Choi, and H. Kim, “Loop-type ground antenna using capacitor,” Electron. Lett. 47(1), 11–12 (2011).
[Crossref]

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. (1)

IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II (1)

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. (1)

J. B. Pendry, A. Holden, D. Robbins, and W. Stewart, “Magnetism from Conductors and Enhanced Nonlinear Phenomena,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 47(11), 2075–2084 (1999).
[Crossref]

J. Appl. Phys. (1)

K. Aydin and E. Ozbay, “Capacitor-loaded split ring resonators as tunable metamaterial components,” J. Appl. Phys. 101(2), 024911 (2007).
[Crossref]

J. Opt. (1)

A. Q. Liu, W. M. Zhu, D. P. Tsai, and N. I. Zheludev, “Micromachined tunable metamaterials: a review,” J. Opt. 14(11), 114009 (2012).
[Crossref]

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. (1)

Nanophotonics (1)

A. B. Khanikaev, C. Wu, and G. Shvets, “Fano-resonant metamaterials and their applications,” Nanophotonics 2(4), 247 (2013).
[Crossref]

Nanotechnology (1)

H. Liu, J. Lu, and X. R. Wang, “Metamaterials based on the phase transition of VO2,” Nanotechnology 29(2), 024002 (2018).
[Crossref]

Nat. Commun. (1)

Nat. Nanotechnol. (1)

J. B. Khurgin, “How to deal with the loss in plasmonics and metamaterials,” Nat. Nanotechnol. 10(1), 2–6 (2015).
[Crossref]

Nat. Photonics (2)

M. F. Limonov, M. V. Rybin, A. N. Poddubny, and Y. S. Kivshar, “Fano resonances in photonics,” Nat. Photonics 11(9), 543–554 (2017).
[Crossref]

Opt. Express (2)

R. Singh, I. A. I. Al-Naib, M. Koch, and W. Zhang, “Sharp Fano resonances in THz metamaterials,” Opt. Express 19(7), 6312–6319 (2011).
[Crossref]

Phys. B (1)

A. N. Lagarkov and V. N. Kisel, “Losses in metamaterials: Restrictions and benefits,” Phys. B 405(14), 2925–2929 (2010).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. (1)

U. Fano, “Effect of Configuration interactions on Intensities and phase shifts,” Phys. Rev. 124(6), 1866–1878 (1961).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. B (1)

D. A. Smirnova, A. E. Miroshnichenko, Y. S. Kivshar, and A. B. Khanikaev, “Tunable nonlinear graphene metasurfaces,” Phys. Rev. B 92(16), 161406 (2015).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. Lett. (4)

S. Zhang, D. A. Genov, Y. Wang, M. Liu, and X. Zhang, “Plasmon-Induced Transparency in Metamaterials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 101(4), 047401 (2008).
[Crossref]

Phys. Scr. (1)

Y. S. Joe, A. M. Satanin, and C. S. Kim, “Classical analogy of Fano resonances,” Phys. Scr. 74(2), 259–266 (2006).
[Crossref]

Sci. Rep. (5)

J. Ji, S. Zhou, J. Zhang, F. Ling, and J. Yao, “Electrical terahertz modulator based on photo-excited ferroelectric superlattice,” Sci. Rep. 8(1), 2682 (2018).
[Crossref]

M. Islam, S. J. M. Rao, G. Kumar, B. P. Pal, and D. Roy Chowdhury, “Role of Resonance Modes on Terahertz Metamaterials based Thin Film Sensors,” Sci. Rep. 7(1), 7355 (2017).
[Crossref]

S. R. Wu, K. L. Lai, and C. M. Wang, “Passive temperature control based on a phase change metasurface,” Sci. Rep. 8(1), 7684 (2018).
[Crossref]

T. Cao, C. Wei, and L. Mao, “Numerical study of achiral phase-change metamaterials for ultrafast tuning of giant circular conversion dichroism,” Sci. Rep. 5, 14666 (2015).
[Crossref]

Science (2)

C. M. Soukoulis, S. Linden, and M. Wegener, “Negative Refractive Index at Optical Wavelengths,” Science 315(5808), 47–49 (2007).
[Crossref]

D. R. Smith, J. B. Pendry, and M. C. K. Wiltshire, “Metamaterials and negative refractive index,” Science 305(5685), 788–792 (2004).
[Crossref]

Sov Phys. Usp. (1)

V. G. Veselago, “The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneously negative values of ɛ and μ,” Sov Phys. Usp. 10(4), 509–514 (1968).
[Crossref]

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Fig. 1. Schematic of (a) Unit cell of proposed metamaterial structure with typical dimensions l_s= 75 μm, l_srr = 60 μm, w = 6 μm,

${G_1}$

${G_2}$

= 3 μm, (b) periodic stack of the proposed structure where external capacitor is introduced only in the lower gap.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 2. (a) Variation of amplitude transmission with frequency when external capacitor is loaded in lower gap of the resonator (red curve) and resonator without external capacitor (black curve) for d = 20 μm. Fano dip at f = 1.2 THz (single capacitor in lower gap) and f = 1.28 THz (no capacitor). Surface current distribution at (b) dipole dip for f = 0.98 THz, (c) EIT peak for f = 1.1 THz, (d) Fano dip for f = 1.28 THz when no capacitor is loaded with the resonator (e) Fano dip for f = 1.2 THz (

$\; {C_1} = 0.5\; fF$

loaded at lower split gap).

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 3. (a) Amplitude transmission spectra for different asymmetry (d) with

$\; {C_1}$

= 0.5 fF (b) Variation of Q-factor and FOM of Fano dip for different values of asymmetric parameter (d) with

$\; {C_1}$

of 0.5 fF loaded in the lower gap.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 4. Capacitive tuning of Amplitude Transmission vs frequency spectra for (a) d = 10 μm, (b) d = 20 μm with external capacitor in lower gap only. (c) Resonant dip tuning of various resonance with different capacitor values for d = 10 μm, (d) Electric field distribution at Fano resonant frequency (1.167 THz) for

${C_1}$

= 0.5 fF, (e) Variation of Q-factor and FOM of Fano dip for different values of external capacitor

${C_1}$

and

${C_2}$

for d = 20 μm.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 5. (a) Spectral Contrast of Fano dip for d = 20 μm and different values of

$\; {C_1}$

, (b) Far field radiation pattern corresponding to d = 20 μm and

$\; {C_1}$

= 0.5, 1, and 5 fF.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 6. Capacitive tuning of Amplitude Transmission spectra for d = 10 μm: analytical modelling using Matlab.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Tables (1)

Table 1. Parameters for theoretical fit for d = 10 μm and various values of C₁.

View Table

Equations (8)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

σ (Ω) = D^{2} | ({(q + Ω)}^{2} / (1 + Ω^{2})) κ + (1 - κ) |

\begin{aligned} {\ddot{x}}_{1} + γ_{1} {\dot{x}}_{1} + ω_{0}^{2} x_{1} + Ω x_{2} = g E \\ {\ddot{x}}_{2} + γ_{2} {\dot{x}}_{2} + (ω_{0} + δ)^{2} x_{2} + Ω x_{1} = 0 \end{aligned}

\begin{aligned} a_{1} = F_{2} g / (F_{1} (F_{2} - Ω^{2}) \\ a_{2} = Ω g / (F_{1} (F_{2} - Ω^{2}) \end{aligned}

\begin{aligned} Factor 1: F_{1} = ({ω_{1}}^{2} - ω^{2} + i γ_{1} ω) and \\ Factor 2: F_{2} = ({(ω_{1} + δ)}^{2} - ω^{2} + i γ_{2} ω) \end{aligned}

T (ω) = 1 - | F_{2} g / (F_{1} (F_{2} - Ω^{2}) |^{2}

\begin{aligned} (i) (ω_{0} + δ)^{2} - ω_{0}^{2} ≫ Ω \\ (ii) ω_{0}^{2} - ω^{2} ≅ - 2 ω_{0} (ω - ω_{0}) \end{aligned}

\begin{aligned} Factor 3: F_{3} = (ω - ω_{0} + i γ_{1} / 2) and \\ Factor 4: F_{4} = (ω - ω_{0} - δ + i γ_{2} / 2) \end{aligned}

T (ω) 1 - R e {i g^{2} F_{4} / (F_{3} F_{4} - Ω^{2} / 4)}

C₁ (fF)	$ω_{0}$ (THz)	δ (THz)	$γ_{1}$ (THz)	$γ_{2}$ (THz)	Ω (THz)
1.0	1.040	0.090	0.1450	0.00445	0.0295
0.7	1.071	0.065	0.1439	0.00505	0.0495
0.5	1.089	0.048	0.1469	0.00265	0.0595
0.3	1.095	0.045	0.1486	0.00325	0.0590