Abstract

As a novel guided-wave passive device, the optical-waveguide hybrid coupler is proposed and its first known demonstration is reported. The proposed device consists of symmetric and nonsymmetric branching forks connected at a junction. An explanation of the working mechanism is presented. The feasibility of the device is confirmed by constructing and testing the hybrid coupler with an integrated Mach–Zehnder interferometer composed of a Y junction and phase shifters using a Ti-diffused LiNbO₃ waveguide.

© 1982 Optical Society of America

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