Experimental three-state measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with uncharacterized sources

Xing-Yu Zhou; Xing-Yu Zhou; Xing-Yu Zhou; Hua-Jian Ding; Hua-Jian Ding; Hua-Jian Ding; Chun-Hui Zhang; Chun-Hui Zhang; Chun-Hui Zhang; Jian Li; Jian Li; Jian Li; Chun-Mei Zhang; Chun-Mei Zhang; Chun-Mei Zhang; Qin Wang; Qin Wang; Qin Wang

doi:10.1364/OL.398993

Optics Letters
Vol. 45,
Issue 15,
pp. 4176-4179
(2020)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.398993

Experimental three-state measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with uncharacterized sources

Xing-Yu Zhou, Hua-Jian Ding, Chun-Hui Zhang, Jian Li, Chun-Mei Zhang, and Qin Wang

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Xing-Yu Zhou, Hua-Jian Ding, Chun-Hui Zhang, Jian Li, Chun-Mei Zhang, and Qin Wang, "Experimental three-state measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with uncharacterized sources," Opt. Lett. 45, 4176-4179 (2020)

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Abstract

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) removes all detector side-channel attacks and guarantees a promising way for remote secret keys sharing. Several proof-of-principal experiments have been demonstrated to show its security and practicality. However, these practical implementations demand mostly, for example, perfect state preparation or completely characterized sources to ensure security, which are difficult to realize with prior art. Here, we investigate a three-state MDI-QKD using uncharacterized sources, with the simple requirement that the encoding state is bidimensional, which eliminates security threats from both the source flaws and detection loopholes. As a demonstration, a proof-of-principal experiment over 170 km transmission distance based on Faraday–Michelson interferometers is achieved, representing, to the best of our knowledge, the longest transmission distance recorded under the same security level.

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	$u$	$v$	$P_{u}$	$P_{v}$	$P_{z \| u}$	$P_{z \| v}$
100 km	0.58	0.035	0.73	0.20	0.99	0.39
170 km	0.28	0.046	0.45	0.42	0.98	0.40

$p_{00}^{L}$	$1.9 \times 10^{- 12}$	$p_{00}^{U}$	$1.02 \times 10^{- 5}$
$p_{01}^{L}$	$3.22 \times 10^{- 3}$	$p_{01}^{U}$	$3.95 \times 10^{- 3}$
$p_{10}^{L}$	$3.02 \times 10^{- 3}$	$p_{10}^{U}$	$3.76 \times 10^{- 3}$
$p_{11}^{L}$	$7.71 \times 10^{- 13}$	$p_{11}^{U}$	$1.04 \times 10^{- 5}$
$p_{22}^{L}$	$7.45 \times 10^{- 12}$	$p_{22}^{U}$	$1.80 \times 10^{- 4}$
$p_{02}^{L}$	$1.42 \times 10^{- 3}$	$p_{02}^{U}$	$1.97 \times 10^{- 3}$
$p_{12}^{L}$	$1.52 \times 10^{- 3}$	$p_{12}^{U}$	$2.05 \times 10^{- 3}$
$p_{20}^{L}$	$1.43 \times 10^{- 3}$	$p_{12}^{U}$	$1.95 \times 10^{- 3}$
$p_{21}^{L}$	$7.05 \times 10^{- 4}$	$p_{12}^{U}$	$1.28 \times 10^{- 3}$

$p_{00}^{L}$	$1.21 \times 10^{- 11}$	$p_{00}^{U}$	$1.40 \times 10^{- 6}$
$p_{01}^{L}$	$1.59 \times 10^{- 4}$	$p_{01}^{U}$	$2.17 \times 10^{- 4}$
$p_{10}^{L}$	$1.47 \times 10^{- 4}$	$p_{10}^{U}$	$2.04 \times 10^{- 4}$
$p_{11}^{L}$	$1.05 \times 10^{- 12}$	$p_{11}^{U}$	$1.14 \times 10^{- 6}$
$p_{22}^{L}$	$8.07 \times 10^{- 13}$	$p_{22}^{U}$	$1.06 \times 10^{- 5}$
$p_{02}^{L}$	$6.50 \times 10^{- 5}$	$p_{02}^{U}$	$1.07 \times 10^{- 4}$
$p_{12}^{L}$	$7.01 \times 10^{- 5}$	$p_{12}^{U}$	$1.12 \times 10^{- 4}$
$p_{20}^{L}$	$6.70 \times 10^{- 5}$	$p_{12}^{U}$	$1.09 \times 10^{- 4}$
$p_{21}^{L}$	$4.62 \times 10^{- 5}$	$p_{12}^{U}$	$8.99 \times 10^{- 5}$

Distance	$Y_{11}$	$e_{p}$	$E_{uu}^{ZZ}$	$Q_{uu}^{ZZ}$
100 km	0.015	0.15	0.17%	$5.85 \times 10^{- 4}$
170 km	$7.68 \times 10^{- 5}$	0.27	0.21%	$7.53 \times 10^{- 6}$

	$u$	$v$	$P_{u}$	$P_{v}$	$P_{z \| u}$	$P_{z \| v}$
100 km	0.58	0.035	0.73	0.20	0.99	0.39
170 km	0.28	0.046	0.45	0.42	0.98	0.40

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Optics Letters