Abstract

An all-fiber orbital angular momentum (OAM) generator enabling direct turning of the fundamental mode (${{\rm HE}_{11}}$) to the second OAM modes (${ l} = {\pm 2}$) with an efficiency of $\sim90\% $ has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated, which is realized based on utilization of a second-order helical fiber grating written in a few-mode fiber. This is the first time, to the best of our knowledge, that an all-fiber second-order OAM has been achieved with using only one component, i.e., the helical long-period fiber grating. The proposed method opens a new way to efficiently generate an all-fiber higher-order OAM using a conventional multimode fiber.

© 2019 Optical Society of America

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