Abstract
A method to directly explore the effect of electron density on the surface plasmon wave and the corresponding laser-induced structures is demonstrated by controllable doping of silver nitrate () into a water-soluble polymer polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). It is shown that periodic nanostructures on PVA appeared only when the electron density was more than and became uniform when doping density corresponded to . Photo-excitation of electrons in the Ag-doped PVA defined by laser fluence determined the conditions of surface plasmon wave and formation of nanostructures on the surface. The Drude–Lorentz model was used to describe the formation conditions of surface wave and to estimate the period of the structures. The demonstrated photo-electron doping brings required means to control the formation of laser-induced patterns with an optical sub-wavelength resolution.
© 2018 Optical Society of America
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