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Optical modulation based on tunable light absorption and amplification in metasurfaces coupled with gain medium

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Abstract

While previous tunable metasurfaces were based mainly on tuning of dielectric permittivity or losses in associated tunable elements, here we propose gain-assisted tunable metasurfaces as optical modulators with high ON–OFF ratio. They consist of a dye-doped film placed within metal-insulator-metal (MIM) cavities. Plasmonic modes with enhanced electric field significantly enhance both absorption and emission of light by dye molecules. As a result, it is possible to achieve the perfect absorption in MIM cavities with zero reflection, as well as to compensate losses thus achieving unit reflection. As a result, the achievable ON/OFF ratio is more than 100.

© 2017 Optical Society of America

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