Abstract

We present a collinear-geometry heterodyne sum frequency generation (HD-SFG) method for interfacial studies. The HD detection is based on a collinear SFG configuration, in which picosecond visible and femtosecond IR beams are used to first produce a strong local oscillator and then to generate weak SFG signals from an interface. A time-delay compensator, consisting of an ${\mathrm{MgF}}_2$ window, is placed before the sample to introduce the time delay between the local oscillator and the interfacial SFG signals for spectral interferometry. Our HD-SFG method exhibits advantages of long-time phase stability. It is not sensitive to sample heights, does not require reflection correction, and is easy to implement.

© 2015 Optical Society of America

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