Abstract

We report a simple optical setup to produce both axial and lateral structured illumination through a single objective lens. With a minimum of six full-field images obtained without moving either the sample or the microscope objective, $100\mathrm{nm}$ diameter fluorescent beads can be localized axially with an accuracy of $50\mathrm{nm}$ in a $1.76\text{-}\mu \mathrm{m}$-thick layer. We show that this axial localization improvement can easily be combined with classical lateral structured illumination, so that lateral resolution enhancement by a factor of 2 is maintained.

© 2008 Optical Society of America

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