Abstract

Experiments have yielded polarization self-modulation in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) subject to a $\pi /2$ polarization-rotating optical feedback. The phenomenon has been simulated numerically, but its bifurcation has never been explained. We show that polarization self-modulation results from a Hopf bifurcation mechanism that can be analyzed in terms of the laser feedback parameters. Our analysis predicts other bifurcations for low values of the feedback rate, which explain why more-complex time-dependent outputs have been observed as alternatives to polarization self-modulation.

© 2002 Optical Society of America

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